5.before the connection of a new supply of electricity can be made,it is the employer’s responsibility to ensure that a competent person in hazard management has been through the process prior to the supply of electricity to a new installation.
在新的供电联网前，雇主有责任决定指定一名有能力胜任危险管理工作的人士确保在新安装部分供电前对整个过程进行检查。
6.testing of electrical fixed-wiring installation must be carried out in accordance with a hazard identification and risk assessment that takes into account information provided by the designer or manufacturer. 固定线路电气装置安装的测试必须与危险源辨识和风险评价过程相一致，该过程考虑到设计者或制造者提供的信息。
7.a computer person can undertake the hazard management process by way of visual checks for mechanical or other damage that does not require work on the electrical installation.
有能力的人士对机械或其他损坏通过视觉检查的方式开展危险管理工作，这些并不需要在电气安装工程中去实现。
8.some of these ,while “safe”to use ,do not always give reliable diagnostic result and can indicate safe conditions that mask potentially serious faults such as neutral conductor and earth conductor transposition. 当这些器具被“安全”使用时，它们并不总是给出可靠的诊断结果，并有可能预报状况是安全，而其实掩盖了诸如中性线与地线接反了的潜在的严重缺陷。
9.based on the work environment and principle of hazard management, an employer, in consultation with employees, should determine the frequency necessary for ongoing in-service fixed-wiring installation checks.
根据环境工作的危险管理原则，雇主与雇员应为正在进行的固定布线安装协商确定必要的检查频率。
10.records of these regular inspection using the hazard management principle should be kept to assist in determining their future frequency based on any observed deterioration in the condition of the installation. 采用危险管理原则进行的常规检查记录应当保存，以辅助在安装条件
下，根据观察到的耗损情况来确定他们的检查频率。
11.it is also a requirement of the Regulations that employers have a competent person performing inspection and checks using the hazard management process on any existing electric fix-wiring installation at a proposed workplace or location prior to occupation.
法规同样要求任何存在固定线路电气装置安装的工作场所或地点在投入使用前，雇主应安排能胜任的人士采用风险管理流程进行检验和检查。
12.this can be achieved by consulting the designer or supplier of any electrical plant being manufactured or purchased, to ensure that the electrical plant has been manufactured and tested according to the relevant Australian Standard Approval and Test Specification.
可以通过制造或购买的电气设备的设计者和供应商们咨询以确保电气设备是按照相关的澳大利亚标准和监测规范来生产和测试的。 13.an additional safety precaution is that all conductive(metal etc)parts are connected to the protective earthling conductor of the flexible supply cord and the connected to the earthling of the fixed wiring installation. 附加的安全防范措施是，所有导电（金属等）部分先与花线的接地保护导体链接，然后在连接到固定线路接地装置。
14.once again the hazard management principle along with the examination and test requirement of the designer and manufactured need to be taken into account to determine whether permanent/fixed electrical plant should be tested and maintained.
针对设计者和制造者们有关检测和测试的要求，需要再次根据风险管理原理原则以确认永久性或固定型电器设备是否需要测试和维修。
9. Unit 9
1.A confined space is any area that is not intended for human occupancy and that also has the potential for containing a dangerous atmosphere.受限空间是指任何不适合人员占据且包含有潜在危险气体的区域。
2.Others which are less obvious can be equally dangerous,e.g.open-top tanks and vats(particularly where heavier than air gases or vapours may be present),closed and unventilated rooms, or furnaces and ovens in which dangerous accumulation of gases can build up because of restricted air circulation even though the door is left open.另外一些看似不明显的受限空间也同样危险，如开顶式储罐和大桶（尤其是可能存在重于空气的气体或者蒸汽）、密闭和通风不畅的空间或炼炉和烤炉，这是由于即使门是敞开的，空气循环的限制增加了危险气体的蓄积。
3.Where it is necessary to enter the space to remove sludge etc. which is liable to give off dangerous fumes, suitable breathing apparatus and, where practicable, a safety line should be worn, and rescue equipment and personnel should be available.当需要进入受限空间去移除污泥时，由于可能释放出危险性气体，所以有必要准备适当的呼吸装置，如有可能，安全绳索、救援设备和救援人员都应予以安置。 4. Negative-pressure air purifying respirators should not be used when the concentration of contaminant exceeds ten times the maximum recommended level for unprotected breathing.当污染物浓度超过最高允许呼吸保护水平的十倍时，不应使用负压空气净化呼吸器。 5.A permit is essentially a document which sets out the work to be done and the precautions to be taken.许可证本质上是一个文件，该文件列出了需要做的工作和要采取的预防措施。
6.If it is not practicable to provide a safe oxygen level, or safe level of air contaminant, suitable protective equipment, including air-supplied respirators are to be worn, as specified on the entry permit.如果不能提供一个安全的氧气水平或不能保证空气污染物处于安全水平，应选择按规定允许进入有限空间时所要求的合适的防护装备，比如佩戴有气源的呼吸器。
7.Typically，a winch has a mechanical advantage of between 2:1 and 6:1, which makes it possible for a worker to be quickly extracted from the confined space should the need arise.典型的，机械增益在2:1到6:1之间的绞盘机，可快速地使工人从受限空间提升出来。
8.It is essential to have an appropriate means of communication between the person working inside a confined space and the person
stationed outside, whether by voice， rope tugging or by a battery-operated communication system specially designed for confined space use.不管是通过声音、拉绳、敲击，还是专为首先空间使用设计的电池驱动的通信系统，必须在受限空间内工作的人和空间外的人建立一个适当的交流方法。
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