10. Individuals no longer have the ability to control the risks around them and are demanding that government assume greater responsibility for controlling behavior through laws and various forms of oversight and regulation.
个人不在有控制他们周围风险的能力，他们要求政府通过法律和各种形式的监督、规章来承担更多控制行为的责任。
11. The alternative is individuals and groups turning to the courts for protection, which could have much worse potential effects, such as unnecessary stifling innovation through fear of law suits.
个人和群体转向法院获取保护是个替代的办法，但这可能会带来更加严重的潜在影响，如因害怕向法院提出诉讼而形成的不必要的、令人窒息的变革。 Unit5
1.In such a case，it is beneficial if the person responsible for the organizing the safety activities knows how to utilize external services provided ,for example, by example ,by the insurance companies or safety authorities.
鉴于这种情况，如果负责组织安全活动得的人员知道如何利用保险公司活安全机构等外部服务机构是有益的。
2）By monitoring the activities and performance, top management can follow how the predetermined criteria have been realized, and set the new goals.
通过检测安全活动和绩效，高层管理跟踪既定的标准时如何得以实现的并设定新的目标
3）For motivating the supervisor to continuously work for better safety results, the line manager should build an incentive system.
为了激励班组长能维持在工作中保持良好的安全绩效，生产线管理者应该建立激励制度
4）Leadership is a characteristic that is usually seem as essential in a supervisors’ work
领导力是班组长在工作中常见的必须品质
5）The three major factors that influence any design process are time constraints ,technical feasibility considerations ,and financial and considerations
制约设计流程的只要因素在于时间的限制、技术可行性的考虑以及财政经济因素的考虑
6）An alternate concurrent engineering approach lets the designer conduct safety and reliability analyses as parallel activities, and they can accompany the design throughout the design progression.
有一种可选择的同步方法就是让设计者同时执行安全和可靠分析，这中并行的方法应该贯穿整个设计过程。
7）The idea of participatory design is based on earlier, mainly Japanese, production development methods like production cells ,teamwork ,just-in-time ,Kanab ,and quality-circles
鼓励参与设计的想法基于日本早期的产品研发理念，如在生产单元，团队协作、及时化生产、看板管理以及品质圈活动等。
8）In Finland, the OSH personnel’ work includes the identification and evaluation of work-related health hazard using methods like observations ,interviews ,and industrial hygiene measurements 在芬兰，职业健康安全工作人员的工作包括利用观察、访谈以及工业卫生测定的方法辨识和评价与工作相关的健康危险源。 Unit 6
1. Surveillance of the rates and risks of occupational injures are largely dependent on case records derived from workers’ compensation and insurance claims and national OHS incident report collections.对职业伤害率及其风险的监督很大程度上依靠工人赔偿和保险索赔的案例记录以及所收集的国家职业健康安全事故报告。 2. The fitting of defective components, unauthorized modifications of structures, and other readily identifiable structural/design faults have been found to significantly contribute to recorded cases of injuries involving scaffolds.有缺陷部件的装配、擅自改动结构、忽视围栏或安全结构的安装以及其他可识别的结构或设计缺陷已经被视为有关脚手架的可记录伤害案例的重要致因。
3. In response, a prototype decision aid, incorporating prescribed scaffold regulations and safety management best practices, was developed and is currently being tested to address both of these issues.为了解决这两个问题，已经建立并正在测试结合了脚手架法规和安全管理最佳做法的辅助决策模式。 4. Research into the safer design of mobile machinery access paths reveals that designers require more information regarding the actual use of their machines and need to incorporate accident statistics and knowledge of natural human movement behaviors into integrated design methodologies. 有关可移动设备进入路径较为安全的设计研究显示，设计人员需要更多有关他们设备实际使用情况的信息，并需要把事故统计和人员运行行为的知识融入到设计方案中。 5. Commonly，the impetus for the production of these products is the tightening of legislation and guidelines by the natural and international regulating bodies responsible for OHS.通常情况下，这些产品产量的推进源于国内外负责职业健康与安全的管理机构对法规或指南的加强。 6. Importantly, the new design did not represent a significant increase in the cost of the threshing machine and field testing in the study area was successful—reportedly preventing injuries in at least two cases during the implementation. 重要的是，新的设计并不代表脱粒机成本的大幅增加，研究阶段现场测试是成功的---据报道，实施过程中至少在两个案件中阻止了人员受伤。 7. Nothing that such explosions have increased since the adoption of aluminum regulators in preference to brass, the researchers, in collaboration with the US Food and Drug Administration and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration ,have developed and tested a provisional America Society for Testing and Materials standard.研究人员注意到：自从优先采用铝制而不是黄铜制校准仪，这样的爆炸就有所增加，他们与美国食品和药物管理局和美国国家航空航天局合作，相继开发和测试了美国材料与试验协会的一个临时标准。 8. Since the United States study, many of the design improvements suggested have been supported by more recent research and have been
adopted as recommendations for eliminating injury risk by injury-prevention organizations internationally，including the US National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.自美国研究以来，许多建议的设计改进得到了最新研究的支持，这些设计改进也已经被包括美国职业安全与健康学会在内的国际健康伤害预防机构用作消除伤害风险的建议措施。 Unit7
1.If you are considering any change in the workplace, a thorough analysis of the change is essential before implementation in order to head off a problem.如果考虑到工作场所的任何变更，为了避免出现问题，在执行变更前应对其进行彻底的分析。
2.All affected employees should be consulted on what is being changed to gather their input.应该问询所有受到影响的员工什么发生了改变，以从他们那里获取信息。
3.A design that appears to enhance productivity and appears delightful to the management may be a poor management decision when reviewed from a risk point of view.从风险角度来看，一个看上去提高产量、有助于管理的设计方案有可能是一个不妥的管理决策。
4. One case we know of is that of a retail company that made a great real estate deal on the purchase of a very large warehouse facility as its “just-in-time” center.我们知道的一种情形是零售公司通过房地产交易买下一个很大的货仓作为它的“即时化生产”中心。
5.You cannot blindly rely on equipment manufacturers to analyze and design guarding, controls, or safe procedures to fit your specific requirements.你不能盲目地以来设备制造商去分析、安全设计、控制或设定安全程序以符合你的特殊要求。
6.The JHA coupled with the risks matrix, cause-and-effect diagram, and hierarchy of controls will walk you through a logical sequence of events to identify hazards associated with the new process and its specific job hazards.配有风险矩阵、原因结果表以及优先控制次序的JHA方法将通过走查一系列符合逻辑顺序的事件来辨识与新工艺机器特殊的作业危险性相关的危险源。
7.In addition, their skills may have been on-job training and passed down
from employee along with undesired at-risk events.再有，他们的这些技能可能存在于岗位培训中，连同一些不期望的风险事件在员工与员工之间传递。
8.Accommodations for individual skill and physical changes may be mandated by law and the impact of such laws on the control of the individual exposure to hazards, use of PPE and other criteria must be considered and responded to.应该通过法律强制个体技能和物理变更的调节，必须考虑这些法律对个体暴露于危险的控制、PPE的使用以及其他标准的影响，并对它们做出响应。 Unit8
1.the average person can receive critical injuries as a result of even very short exposures to everyday 240-volt single phase alternating current supply voltage.
一般来说，人们接触到的日常的240伏单相交流电压，即使暴露时间 非常短暂，身体也会遭受到严重危害。
2.in order to be effective as personal protection, a circuit breaker or fuse must operate before the potential difference or voltage reaches a level high enough to cause an electric shock to personnel.
为了使人身保护有效，当电位差或电压高达引起人员触电的水平之前，断路起或熔断器必须动作已断开回路。
3.new installation work requires the licensed electrical contractor and/or the registered electrical worker carrying out the work to complete the Electrical Certificate of Compliance.
新的安装工作需要有资质的电器承包商和/或注册电气中作人员来完成以实现“电器合格证书”的要求。
4.under OHSW Regulation 2.5.6,all new fixed-wiring installations (including the installation of a new sub-circuit to existing installations and modifications of existing sub-circuits) are required to be installed and tested according to AS/NZS 3000 Wiring Rules.
根据OHSW1.5.6规定，所有新的固定电路装置（包括为现有装置安装新的子电路和对现有子电路的改装）的安装和测试都必须按照 AS/NZS 3000的不限规范实施。
百度搜索“77cn”或“免费范文网”即可找到本站免费阅读全部范文。收藏本站方便下次阅读，免费范文网，提供经典小说教育文库安全工程专业英语Unit1-9翻译(3)在线全文阅读。
相关推荐：