In fact, we communicate 2 just spoken and written words. We also use 3 , in which there are 4 body language as well as 5 body language. We use learned body language when we are 6 to strangers. 7 , Europeans and Americans shake hands. Greetings in Asian countries do not 8 touching the other person, but they always involve the hands. Even today, when some people have very informal style of 9 , they still use their hands as a gesture of trust. Body language is 10 for anyone to study.
Introduction and reading Part 2自主学习
1. 难点突破
翻译并分析句子成分
1. Although these are very important, we communicate with more than just spoken and written words.
2. One person then holds up his hand, palm outwards and five fingers spread.
3. Like other animals, we are on guard until we know it is safe to relax.
2. 语言点学习：
1）How much do you communicate with your body? 试译：1 . He communicated his nervousness to the children.
2. The novel is about a family who can’t communicate with each other.
【归纳】communicate 的名词是 ， communicate sth to sb. communicate with sb 2) When in Rome ,Do as the Romans do .入乡随俗。
句法分析：本句是一个省略句。When in Rome = When you are in Rome.状语从句的省略，有些时间，条件，让步等状语从句，如果从句谓语包含有be 动词，主语又和主句一致或主语是it ， 常常可以省略从句的主语和谓语的一部分，（特别是be动词）常由when, while , once , before, till/until, wherever等引导。
E.g: 1. While (I was) walking in the street, I met my friend. 2. Once (it is) carried out, the plan must be effective. 3. Unless (I am) invited, I won’t take part in the party. 4. If ( it is ) necessary , I will go to buy the book .
例2 Though _______________ to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome.
A. surprising B. was surprised C. surprised D. being surprised
3) Although these are very important, we communicate with more than just spoken and written words.
句法分析：本句是一个主从复合句，although 引导让步状语从句，过去分词短语 spoken
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and written 作___________, 修饰words.
although 的意思是_______ .注意although 与 though 不能与_________ 连用，但可与___________ 连用。一定要牢记。 另外， 高考中还经常考查 as 和though 引导让步状语从句时的语序问题。
e.g. Child as he is , he knows a lot .
例3.We had to wait half an hour ________ we had already booked a table. A. since B. although C. until D. before
3. 本句中more than 的意思是_________.让我们来复习一下more than 的用法。 试译：①.More than 70% of the workers in the factory are women.
______________________________________________________________ more than + 数词 意思是___________ ②.He is more than pleased with the result.
__________________________________________________________________ more than + adj./ adv. 意思是__________ My trip to Beijing is more than sightseeing.
more than + n. 意思是__________ ( = not only)
The beauty of the West Lake is more than I can describe with words . more than + 句子的意思是非……所能
⑤. 而more + n. /adj. + than …… 可译为 与其说是…… 不如说是…… E.g. He is more hard-working than clever.
_______________________________________________________
例4.It took _________ building supplies to construct these energy-saving houses .It took brains , too.
A. other than B. more than C. rather than D. less than 4) Indeed, body positions are part of what we call ―body language‖.
句法分析: what we call ―body language ― 是__________ 从句，其中what 在从句中作___________ 成分。 More examples:
He wants to tell me about what he saw in Beijing. what 引导的从句还可充当主语：
What we can’t get seems better than what we already have.
5) We see examples of unconscious body language very often, yet there is also ―learned‖ body language, which varies from culture to culture. 句法分析：which 在此引导的是__________ 从句，which 不可换为__________
unconscious, adj. 意思是______________ 反义词是__________ consciousness, n. 意思是 ―意识‖
e.g. She is very conscious of the problems involved. 她完全意识到了所涉及的问题。 be conscious / unconscious of 的意思是__________________ 试一试：那个男孩没有意识到他粗鲁的行为。
___________________________________________________________________ vary vi/vt 变化，不同
请根据下面的例句总结vary 的用法。 Prices vary with the season.
译：______________________________________________________
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Class numbers vary between 25 and 30.
译：_________________________________________________________ The climate always varies from area to area.
译：________________________________________________________
总结：1.vary with ___________ 2. vary from …… to ……._____________ 3. vary between ……and …… _____________
6) Like other animals , we are on guard until we know it is safe to relax. 【句法分析】：1.本句中，until引导了一个________ 状语从句，其中it is safe to relax 是 know 的________________ 从句，其中 it 是______________ 主语，真正的主语是______________.
2. on guard .(保持) 警惕，值班。
e.g. 1) Two man are on guard at the door.
译.___________________________________________ 2) Let’s be on our guard against thieves.
译.______________________________________________ On + n. 表示某种状态。
on holiday ________ on fire _____________ on business_____________ on duty____________ 7) If our right hand is busy greeting someone , it can’t be holding a weapon. 1. 复习短语1）be busy doing ________ 2) be busy with __________. 试译：1.凯特正忙着做家务。
_________________________________________________________________ 2.詹姆斯正忙着为学校音乐会排练。
_________________________________________________________________
2. 在此句中，can not 的意思是“不可能” 对正在进行或发生的事进行推测。Can 通常用在否定句和疑问句中表推测。
e.g. I have a book of this kind ,so I cannot take your book. You can’t be serious!
8) We shake hands when we make a deal. 短语 ：make / do a deal with : 与……做交易， 和…… 达成协议。 e.g. 他正努力和他们达成协议。
He was trying to _____ _____ _____ ________ them.
拓展：have a deal with： 与……做一笔交易。 That’s a deal. 就这么办，一言为定。
deal with = do with 意思是 __________ ( 注意 do with 和 deal with 用法的区别。) 注意：deal with 与how连用，do with 与 what 连用。 例：
The new teacher doesn’t know ________ the class.
A. how to do with B. what to do with C. how to deal against D. what to do against
9）Greetings in Asian countries do not involve touching the other person, but they always involve the hands.
involve vt. 包括，使陷于（麻烦），使卷入（复杂或困难的情况） 看下列例句总结involve 的用法。
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1. The test will involve answering questions about a photograph. 译：______________________________________________________ 2. I don’t want to get involved in this argument. 译：_________________________________________________________ involve doing sth. _________ be / get involved in ___________
10) One person then holds up his hand , palm outwards and five fingers spread . 1. hold up 在此句中的意思是 _________ 另外还有 ―阻碍，使停顿，拦路抢劫‖的意思。 拓展： hold back _________ hold on ____________ hold out ___________ hold on to __________ 例：选择正确的短语填空。
----- Is Peter there ? ------- ____________ , please , I’ll see if I can find him for you. 2. palm outwards 是由 n. + adv. 构成的独立主格结构，five fingers spread 是由n. + 过去分词构成的独立主格结构，独立主格结构在句中的作用相当于状语从句。
独立主格结构的构成形式为： 名词/代词（逻辑主语）+分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语。一般情况下，该结构用逗号和主句分开。 ① The test finished, we began our holiday..
=After the test was finished, we began our holiday.
② Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow. =If weather permits, we are going to visit you tomorrow.
③He was lying on the grass, his hands crossed under his head.
11) People give away much more by their gestures than by their words. give away 的意思是泄露，暴露，捐赠，分发的意思。 Don’t give away the secret.
I knew that if I moved ,I would give myself away.
The mayor gave away the prizes at the school sports meeting. 拓展： give back ______ give in _________
give out_________ give up _________ give off __________ 3 讨论与合作
4 精心训练
1. He is ______ a friend to me. He is in a way my English teacher. A. no more than B. more than C. not more than D. nothing but 2. Last summer I took a course on_____ poisonous gases. A. how to do with B. what to do with
C. how to be dealt with D. what to be dealt with
3.People have planted a great many trees in order to_____ wind and sand in the desert. A. hold down B. hold up C. hold back D. hold out 4. Which of those novels do you like most?
_______. They are both expensive and of little use. A. None B. Neither C. All D. Both
5.Before radio and TV, music could only be heard______, that is, you had to go to places where musicians give performances.
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A. live B. alive C. living D. lively
6._____ in health, he persisted in doing the experiment. A. As he was poor B. Poor as he was C. Poor was he D. Poor he was though
7. Men and women can_____ people from all over the world by sending and receiving electronic mail.
A. agree with B. communicate with C. communicate to D. write to 8. Although lots of people were watching around, none of them_____. A. was offered to help B. was offering help C. offered helping D. offered to help 9.--- Do you think Jack is to blame?
---Yes, it was very rude___ facial paper to the guests at table. A. of him to throw B. for him to throw C. that he threw D. enough to throw 10. There were too many people _____ the matter.
A. involving B. involving in C. involved D. involved in
Period 3: Grammar
Adverbial clauses of condition and concession 条件状语从句：
1.常用的引导词有if（如果，假如）,unless（除非，要不……就不）,as long as（只要）,so long as（只要）,provided (that）（只要），suppose/supposing（假设），on condition (that）（如果）等。如：
I may not come to see you recently unless I can complete the project ahead of time. 除非我能提前完成那个项目，否则我最近不会来看你了。 We can surely attain our goal as long as we are united as one. 只要我们团结一致，我们肯定能实现我们的目标。
They promised to let us have a meeting in their office on condition(that）we could keep it clean.
如果我们能保持清洁，他们答应让我们在他们的办公室里开会 让步状语从句
引导让步状语从句的从属连词有though（虽然）,although（虽然），even if（即使）,even though（即使）,as(尽管)，while(虽然),whether...or...(无论……还是……),no matter+疑问词（无论）。 though或although引导让状语从句。
although与though两者意思相同，一般可互换，都可以与yet，still或nevertheless连用，但不能和but连用。如：
He is unhappy though/although he has a lot of money. 虽然他有许多钱，但他并不幸福。
Although/Though it was raining hard，yet they went on playing football. 尽管雨下的很大，但他们仍在继续踢足球。
注：though还可用作副词，意为―可是，然而‖，置于句末。如：
He said he would come；he didn’t, though.他说他会来，可是他没有来。
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