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Food Traceability System Automatically Generates Code
ABSTRACT
As the most economical and practical automatic identification technology up to now,bar code technology was proposed in the early 1 970s,which has been widely used in many different fields.In order to satisfy the requirement of expressing more types and greater information capacity in the limited area,twos dimensional bar code came into being,which can make up the inadequacy of ones dimension bar code in expressing information.The study of 2-dimensional barcode abroad was far earlier than the domestic one,so they have possessed many kinds of code core technology such as PDF4 1 7、QR code、Code 49,etc.On the contrary,only few domestic companies have owned our national intellectual property rights of two—dimensional barcode. The key and difficult part of two-dimensional barcode technology is the distinguishing of the barcode.Because of its characteristics such as big capacity, high density ,strong error correcting ability and high security intensity ,its distinguishing technology is much more complicated than one-dimension bar code.Therefore, the research on the encoding and distinguishing technology is very important to reduce the application cost of two-dimensional barcode and to develop its wide application in our country.
As one kind of two-dimensional barcode technology ,Quick Response code (QR code) shows the prosperous future due to its merits such as big information capacity, quick reading speed, directional reading ability and specific data compression pattern on expressing Chinese characters and Japanese characters Having chosen the QR code as the research object, by the analysis of its sign structure, this thesis discusses in detail the encoding rules and error correction coding algorithm, and realizes QR code encoding and decoding software, and puts forward effective image. preprocessing and distinguishing algorithm according to the characteristics the QR code sign.
Keywords:2-Dimensional barcode;QR code;Image Processing
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目录
第1章 绪论 ............................................................................................................. 1 1.1 研究背景 ......................................................................................................... 1 1.2 国内外发展状况 ............................................................................................. 2 1.3 研究意义 ......................................................................................................... 3 第2章 二维条码技术概述 ..................................................................................... 4 2.1 一维条码 ......................................................................................................... 4 2.2 二维条码 ......................................................................................................... 4 2.2.1 二维条码特性 ........................................................................................... 4 2.2.2 二维条码的分类 ....................................................................................... 6 2.3 QR CODE简介 .................................................................................................. 6 2.3.1 QR码的码图结构 ..................................................................................... 7 2.3.2 QR码的编码模式 ..................................................................................... 8 第3章 QR码的编码设计及实现 ........................................................................ 12 3.1 QR码编码系统的概要设计 ......................................................................... 12 3.2 QR码编码流程详述 ...................................................................................... 12 3.2.1 数据分析和编码 ..................................................................................... 13 3.2.2 模式选择 ................................................................................................. 14 3.2.3 纠错编码 ................................................................................................. 14 3.2.4 构造最终的信息 ..................................................................................... 15 3.2.5 在矩阵中布置模块 ................................................................................. 16
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3.2.6 掩模 ......................................................................................................... 18 3.2.7 格式信息 ................................................................................................. 19 3.3 编码程序介绍 ............................................................................................... 19 第4章 QR码的译码设计 .................................................................................... 21 4.1 QR码译码原理 .............................................................................................. 21 4.2 图像预处理和识别 ....................................................................................... 22 4.3 纠错和译码 ................................................................................................... 24 第5章 QR CODE码技术在食品溯源中的应用 ................................................ 25 第6章 总结 ........................................................................................................... 27 致谢 ......................................................................................... 错误!未定义书签。 参考文献 ................................................................................................................. 29
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第1章 绪论
1.1 研究背景
食品安全问题关系到广大人民群众的身体健康和生命安全,关系到经济发展和社会稳定,历来受到高度的关注与重视。然而近年来食品安全问题日益突出,国际上疯牛病、口蹄疫和禽流感等疾病相继爆发和传播,而国内也发生了苏丹红、永年大蒜和劣质奶粉等食品质量问题。究其原因是食品的生产过程存在众多问题,产品生产、物流信息,检疫检测信息等均有太多人工参与,各操作环节均容易产生错误/虚假信息,且各个不相关环节间很难做到信息核实,影响产品整体管理及信息查询;另外产品生产、物流、经销、检疫检测等各环节相对独立,每一环节往往只能有效查看其上下游接口环节的操作信息,难以做到信息流整体的监察管理;无法将监察管理信息传递到普通市民手中,真正在食品安全卫生上做到安心、放心、舒心。
食品一旦出现问题,直接危害到广大人民群众的身体健康和生命安全,同时对厂家来说也会蒙受重大损失,品牌形象受损,甚至企业倒闭。如果能引入食品原材料追溯系统,即使上市的食品出现问题,食品厂家也能快速找出原因,可以只追回部分的问题食品而无需追回所有产品,可见食品追溯的重要性。
二维条码与普通的—维条码相比可以放入大量的信息,容易实现信息化管理,一旦食品发生质量问题,马上可以确认食品的生产过程,食品问题原因所在,及时召回问题食品,将企业的经济损失、信誉损失降低到最小范围。
二维条码是目前全球应用的最广泛的技术之一,该技术具有存储量大、性价比高、数据采集与识读方便等优点。二维条码技术是一种基于光学识读图像的编码技术,它涉及到光、机电、印刷、信息安全、标识等多个领域。
计算机技术在当今的社会中起着重要的作用,但是计算机有着数据输入速度慢、容易出错的“缺点”。自动识别技术能提供快速、准确地数据采集,从而解决上面的“缺点”。自动识别技术可以提高数据质量和录入数据速度,同时可以消除人为干扰,其中比较突出的技术有条码技术、生物识别技术、光学识别技术、声音识别及视觉识别等技术,这些技术都是集计算机、光、机、电、通信技术为一体的高新技术。
二维条码技术与其它识别技术相比具有信息载体的成本低、信息量大、保密性强、抗污染性好等优势,因此具有良好的推广价值和应用前景。
与其它识别技术相比,条码识别技术具有以下几个优点: (1) 高速
条码识读容易,用光电设备并将条码信息录入比人工键盘输入数据的方法要快得多。键盘输入12位数字需要6秒钟,而用条码扫描器输入则只有0.2秒。
(2) 可靠性
用光电扫描设备识读条码的错误率很低,并且大多数条码具有自校验和自纠错功能,在实际应用中,条码输入的错误率约在百万分之一以下,而人工输入的错误率则高的多。条码的正确识读率达99.99-99.999%。
(3) 成本低
条码标签制作容易且成本低,对印刷的设备和材料无特殊要求。与其它自动识别技术相比,价格便宜,具有很好的实用价值。
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