新视野大学英语视听说教程4听力原文和答案(6)

11.Whatthesonthinkatsunamiis?

12.WhatdoesMomimplybysaying,“Ifwehadatsunami,itwouldbetheotherwayaround”?

13.Whatdoesthesonthinksurfingontsunamiwaveswouldbelike?14.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasthecauseofatsunami?15.Howhighcantsunamiwavesreach?Keys:1B2.C3.A4.D5.C

ForReference

1.Intheopenoceantheymoveatupto800kmperhour,butwhenitreachesthe

shore,thesystemslowsdownandthewavesgetbigger.

2.Theycanreach30meters.Bigenoughtofinishyouoffinonegulp.

Task2:FloodinginHaitiandtheDominicanRepublicScript

Thedeathtoocontinuesto(S1)climbfromlastweek’sfloodinginHaitiandtheDominicanRepublic.TheU.S.AgencyforInternationalDevelopment(S2)reportsthatatleast1,068peoplearedead,1,600are(S3)missing,and25,000areinneedofemergencyfoodandotherformsof(S4)assistance.InDominicanRepublic,414aredeadand274aremissing,allfromthetownofJimani.

Akey(S5)factorinthewidespreaddestructionistheextensivedeforestationandthe(S6)presenceofsettlementsalongthefloodplainsofrivers.

Thefloodingwasdrivenbyintenserainfall.Alow-pressuresystem(S7)originatinginCentralAmericabroughtexceptionallyheavyrainandthunderstormstoHaitiandtheDominicanRepublicfromMay18to25.(S8)Rainfallexceeded500mm(or19.7inches)alongtheborderareasofHaitiandtheDominicanRepublicduringthatperiod.AtthetownofJimani,DominicanRepublic,250mm(or10inches)ofrainfellinjust24hours,causingtheSolieRivertooverflowitsbanksfromMay24to25.Theheavyrainfallresultedinflashfloodingandextensivedebrisflowedovertheentireregion.Swollenriversanddebriscutoffmanyoftheroadstraversingtheareaalongthebaseofthemountains.(S9)Thismadeitdifficultforhumanitarianreliefworkertorescuestrandedpeopleanddeliverbadly.Nowpeoplewanttoknow:Howoftendofloodsandrelatedlandmassmovementalsocausedlandsidesinafewplaces.

(S10)AnalysisofthepastdateshowsthatmajorfloodsintheDominicanRepublicandHaitiarenowanear-annualevent.Since1986,twelvelethaleventshaveoccurredontheisland.

Task3:ABlizzardScript

Ablizzardisaseverweatherconditioncharacterizedbylowtemperaturesandstrongwinds,greaterthan15milesperhour,bearingagreatamountofsnow.Becausethefactorsforclassifyingwinterstormsarecomplex,therearemanydifferentdefinitionsofwhatablizzardtrulyis.Butitisgenerallyagreedthatinordertobeclassifiedasablizzard,asopposedtomerelyawinterstorm,theweathermustmeetseveralconditions.Thestormmustdecreasevisibilitytoaquarterofamileforthreehoursrunning.Includesnoworiceasprecipitation,andhavewindspeedofatleast32milesperhour,whichmeansForce7ormoreontheWindScale.

Anotherstandard,accordingtoEnvironmentCanada,isthatthewinterstormmusthavewindsof40kilometersperhourormi=ore,plentyofsnow,visibilitylessthan1kilometer,atemperatureoflessthan-25degreesCelsius,andalloftheseconditionsmustlastfor4hoursormore,beforethestormcanproperlybecalledablizzard.

Whenalltheseconditionscontinueaftersnowhasstoppedfalling,thestormisreferredtoasagroundblizzard.

Anextensiveformofblizzardisawhiteout,whenthedowndrafts,togetherwithsnowfall,becomesoseverthatitisimpossibletodistinguishthegroundfromtheair.Peoplecaughtinawhiteoutcanquicklybecomedisoriented,losingtheirsenseofupanddownaswellastheirsenseofdirection.Severeblizzardcanalsooccuralongwitharcticcyclones.

11.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

12.Whichofthefollowingistrueofablizzardaccordingtothefirststandard?13.Whichofthefollowingistrueofablizzardaccordingtothesecondstandard?14.Whatisagroundblizzard?

5.Whichofthefollowingisintheorderofincreasingforce?

Keys:1A2.B3.C4.D5.C

ForReference

Theycanquicklybecomedisoriented,losingtheirsenseofupanddownaswellastheirsenseofdirection.

IV.SpeakingOutMODEL1

Itwasastrongearthquake

Amy:Bill,itwasastrongearthquake!Thehousewasshaking,thewindowbreaking!

Terrible.

Bill:Iknow,itwasterrible.Isawyourfaceturnwhitasyouranandgotunderthetable.

Amy:IadmitIpanicked.Butitwasn’tanoccasionforustobecareless.It’s

bettertobecautious.Theremightbeaftershocks.Bill:Oranevenbiggerquake!

Amy:Toplayitsafe,let’sturnoffthegasandelectricity.Bill:Right.Let’sgettheemergencyearthquakekitalready.It’sinthekitchen.

Ithasfood,flashlights,andafirst-aidkit.

Amy:Let’sturnontheradiofornews.Iguessthequakemeasuresatleast5on

theRichterScale.Bill:Whoknowwhatmighthappentomorrow,nextmonthornextyear?Afterall,

thiscityissaidtobelocatedinanearthquakezoneAmy:Therehasn’tbeenmuchactivityfordozensofyearsBill:Butamajorquakemayhitatanytime.Amy:Ithinkwe’dbettermovetoanearthquake-proofhouse.Bill:Smartthinking!

MODEL2Script

Thingsareabitoutofbalance.

John:Theseventhstraightdayofrain.It’stoomuch.Thingsareabitoutofbalance.

Susan:Yeah,toomuchrainhere,toolittlethere.Lastsummerfirestorms

destroyedmanypartsoftheglobe.John:Firestormsareaprettyinterestingphenomenon.Theygeneratesomuch

heatthattheycreatetheirownweather.Nothingyoucandoaboutit.Susan:Onceafiredevelopedintoafirestorm,there’snostoppingit.Some

peoplethinkweshouldn’ttry.

John:Youmean,justlettheforestsburn?Howcanwewatchpeople’shomeson

firewithfoldedarms?Susan:Someexpertsarguethatforestfiresarepartofnature,andthatwe

shouldn’ttrytointerfere,except,ofcourse,tosavehomesandlives.

John:Itseemswrongtoletallgoodtimberburn.Whatawastethatwouldbe!Susan:Butthat’snature’swayofcleaningupthedebristhatcollectsontheforest

floorandcreatingnewkindofgrowth.

John:Maybeso,butitstillseemswrongtojustletfiresburn.

Susan:Afterall,therehavebeenverdantforestsformillionsofyearswithout

man’shelpfightingthefires.

John:Thatmaybetrue,butIstillthinkit’swrongtonotputoutforestfires

MODEL3Script

Thisistheislandthatdisappeared

Susan:Justlookatthatsky.Aren’tthetwilightcolorsbeautiful?

John:Um.EvenheardofthefamoussunsetsthatfollowedtheKrakatoavolcano

eruption?

Susan:DoyoumeanthePacificislandthatblewupintheeighteenhundreds?John:Yeah.Deepredsunsetsappearedonthehorizonforthethreeyearsafter

theexplosion.

Susan:Theywerecausedbythefinedustthatspreadthroughtheearth’satmosphere.John:People5,000kilometersawayfromKrakatoareportedhearingtheenormous

blast.

Susan:AndashesevenfellonSingapore,morethan500kilometerstothenorth.John:AsIremember,twothirdsoftheislandsimplydisappeared,blowntobits.Susan:Andthengiantseawavesfollowed,killingmorethan40,000peoplewholivedthere.John:Apparentlythebiggestofthosewavestraveled4,000kilometersinjust12hours.Susan:Idon’tthinkthere’severbeenanothernaturaldisasterquitelikeit,doyou?

John:AmountaincalledVesuviuserupted,buryingthenearbytownofPompeiiinashes;butthatwasinasmallerscale.NowYourTurnTask1

SAMPLEDIALOG

Josh:Maggie,I’vejustreadafiredestroyedmuchoftheforestonDayMountain

inHongKongtheotherday.

Maggie:I’veheardthattoo.Thelocalgovernmentsentfirefightersandeven

helicopterstotrytoputoutthefire.ButIthinktheyshouldn’thavetried.

Josh:Youmean,theyshouldjustlettheforestsburn?Howcantheystandby

andwatchpeople’shomesgoupinflames?

Maggie:Someexpertsarguethatforestfiresareaphaseinthecycleofnature,

andweshouldn’tinterfere.Except,ofcourse,tosavelives.

Josh:Itseemswrongtoallowfirestoburnupgoodtimber.Whatawastethat

wouldbe!Yousee,thefire-hitareaextendsnearly4,00squaremeters.Maggie:Butthat’snature’swayofcleaningupthedebristhatcollectsontheforest

floorandcreatingspacefornewgrowth.

Josh:Thatmaybetrue,butitstillseemswrongtojustletfiresburn.They

destroyednotonlytimber,butmanyrarebutterflieslivingthere

Maggie:Anyway,therehavebeenverdantforestsformillionsofyearswithoutman’s

helpincombatingfires.

Josh:Youmaybecorrect,butIstillthinkit’swrongtonotputoutforestfires.

Iftoomanytreesaredestroyed,theveryexistenceofhumanbeingsisthreatened

V.Let’sTalkScript

Anaturaldisasteristheconsequenceofahazardousevent,occurringwhenhumanactivitiesareaffectedbyadversenaturalphenomenasuchasflood,drought,hailstorm,heatwave,forestfore,hurricanesortyphoons,tornado,tsunami,landsidesandmudslides,orvolcaniceruption.Theresultingdeathsorpropertydamagesdependonthehumanabilitytoresistthedisasters.

Sometimestwoseeminglydifferentdisastersmayberelatedtoeachother.Forexample,anunderseaearthquakemayresultinatsunami.Whilethereisalongdryspellinonearea,theremaybeagreatfloodinanother.Itisnecessaryforhumanbeingstounderstandandcombatnaturaldisasters.

Adroughtisalong-lastingweatherpatternconsistingofdryconditionswithverylittleornoprecipitation.Duringthisperiod,foodandwatersuppliescanrunlow,andothercondition,suchasfamine,canresult.Droughtcanlastforseveralyearsandareparticularlydamaginginareasinwhichtheresidentsdependonagricultureforsurvival.

Afloodfollowstoomuchrainorwaterinalocation,andcouldbetheresultofmanydifferentconditions.Floodscanbecausedbyheavyrainfallfromastorm,includingthunderstorms,rapidmeltingofalargeamountsofsnow,orriverswhichswellfromtoomuchprecipitationupstream,causingwidespreaddamagetoareasdownstream.Anotherpossiblecauseofafloodistheburstingofman-madedams.

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