2013年自考英语二复习资料(3)

request,ensure,oppose,burden,open up ① request n./vt.请求，要求

request 后面接 for，表示要求的对象；―根据要求‖为 by(或 on) request；―应。。。之要求‖则 为 at sb‘s request。

He made a request for immediate help.

他要求立即给予帮助。 Minibuses stop by request. 小公共汽车招手即停。

Instructions will be sent immediately on(upon) request. 说明将按要求立即寄出。

The singer gave one more song at our request. 歌唱家在我们的要求下又唱了一首歌。 Your silence is requested. 请勿说话。

② ensure vt.保证，担保

ensure 后面接 against 或 from，表示―保证。。。免于。。。‖；后面接 to 或 for，则表示―保证。。。 具有。。。‖。

We can ensure that the work w ill be done in the right way. 我们可以保证把工作做好。

The police can ensure the witness against (或 from) danger. 警察能保证证人免受危险。

This measure ensure to (或 for) us a voice in the matter. 这项措施使我们在这件事上具有发言权。

③ oppose vt.1、反对，反抗；2、使相对，使对抗（to）

Many people opposed building a new highw ay because of the great cost. 由于代价过于高昂，许多人都反对修一条新公路。 To the difficulties she opposed a will of iron. 她用钢铁般的意志对待困难。

What he said was totally opposed to the facts. 他说的与事实完全相反。

We are firmly opposed to this dirty political deal. 我们坚决反对这场肮脏的政治交易。

④ burden n.1、担子，负担；2、责任，义务

She bore the w hole burden of raising two children. 她一个人负起抚养两个孩子的全部责任。

The burden of running the factory is too heavy for his failing health. 管理这家工厂的重担对他日益恶化的健康来说是太重了。 vt.使负重担；麻烦，劳累 The mother w as burden w ith w orries. 妈妈忧心忡忡。

Students are heavily burdened with home assignments. 学生家庭作业负担过重。 ⑤ open up

1、打开；2、开办，开辟，开发；3、坦诚地或无拘无束地谈话 They opened up his stomach

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to get at the source of the trouble. 他们给他的胃开了刀，以找出病根。 They opened up a mine in the remote areas. 他们在那个偏远地区开了矿。

They decided to open up a business in the town. 他们决定在城里开一家店。

The girl decided to open up and tell us everything. 这个女孩决定坦诚地告诉我们一切。

UNIT 3-2

二、常考句型 1、范万德尔重病在身，再也不能说清楚话，他知道他没有康复的希望，身体状况正在急剧 恶化。P2

Affected w ith a serious disease, van Wendal was no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there w as no hope of recovery and that his condition was rapidly deteriorating. 2、在让自己的医生注射最后结束生命的那一针之前，范万德尔生命中的最后三个月被拍摄了下来，去年在荷兰电视上首次播出。P3

Van Wendel‘s last three months of life before being given a final, lethal injection by his doctor w ere filmed and first shown on television last year in the Netherlands.

3、从那时开始，已有 20 多个国家买下了这个节目，每次播放都引起了对这一话题的全国性大辩论。P3

The programme has since been bought by 20 countries and each time it is shown, it starts a nationw ide debate on the subject.

4、那些反对安乐死的人实际在告诉我，临终者没有这个权利。P9

What those people who oppose euthanasia are telling me is that dying people haven‘t the right. 三、习题 1.词汇英译汉

. weaken . deteriorate .debate . legal. request . criterion . ensure . oppose tradition consideration disabled . burden vulnerable prohibition sensitive

词组：. to debate on . to make request for be opposed to . to take … into account 2.句子英译汉（重点句）

Affected w ith a serious disease, van Wendal w as no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there w as no hope of recovery and that his condition w as rapidly deteriorating. Van Wendel‘s last three months of life before being given a final, lethal injection by his doctor w ere filmed and first shown on television last year in the Netherlands.

The programme has since been bought by 20 countries and each time it is show n, it starts a nationw ide debate on the subject.

What those people w ho oppose euthanasia are telling me is that dying people haven‘t the right.

The guidelines demand that the patient is experiencing extreme suffering , that

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there is no

chance of a cure, and that the patient has made repeated requests for euthanasia . I think that anything that legally allow s the shortening of life does make those people more vulnerable. 3.句子汉译英 P.59

安乐死的确能解除临终病人的痛苦。

Euthanasia can really help rid the dying patients of extreme suffering . Euthanasia does release the dying people from their suffering . 你知道不知道荷兰是欧洲唯一允许安乐死的国家?

Do you know that the Netherlands is the only country in Europe that permits euthanasia ?

支持这一观点的医生并不意味着他们不关心病人。

Those doctors w ho support the idea never mean they don‘t care about / for patients . 在第一个医生诊断疾病之后，必须由另外一名医生确认病情。

After the first doctor has diagnosed the illness , a second doctor must confirm the case .

反对者认为病人并不一定真正希望结束生命，可能请求之后另有他求。

Opponents think patients may not really w ant to end their lives, and probably there is another request behind the request . 四、历年试题

1. The film （ show ） Cees Van Wendel ‘s death w as both moving and sensitive.（99.10）

答案： showing . 考点：showing 是现在分词作定语修饰 the film .

2. Each time the programmer of Van Wendal‘s last days before euthanasia w as showed on T V, it starts a nationw ide debate the subject. （99.10）

A. for

B. against C. on D. of

答案： C . 考点：词组 debate on 对… 的争论。 3. 汉译英：每次播放这个节目，都引起对此话题的全国性大辩论。（99.10） 答案： Each time

it is shown , this program starts a nationw ide debate on the subject. 4. 汉译英 ： 据说那个病人曾要求医生助他一死。（00.10） 答案： The patient is said to have asked the doctor to help him die.

（ 或者： It is said that the patient has asked the doctor to help him die .）

UNIT 4-1

一、word study

exploit ,campaign,execute,deserve,status,bring over

① exploit vt.1、开发，开采；2、利用；3、剥削 A mine is exploited for its minertals. 开

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发矿山是为了采矿。

The student exploits every possibility to learn English. 这个学生利用一切可能性学英语。

The company exploited its w orkers w ith long hours and low pay. 该公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。 ② campaign n.1、战役；2、运动，参选运动

The Huai-Hai Campaign was essential to the victory of the War of Liberation. 淮海战役对解放战争的胜利至关重要。

Our country is launching a campaign against waste. 我们国家正在开展反浪费运动。

His presidential campaign succeeded and he w on the election. 总统竞选运动取得成功，他当选了。 vi.参加运动，参加竞选活动

They w ere campaigning to keep the local school open. 他们为使当地学校不致关闭而奔走活动。

The candidates for president campaigned by sending out letters to voters and speaking at public meeting.

总统候选人通过向选民发信和群众集会上讲演来竞选。 vt.使。。。参加运动；对。。。进行活动 Joan is campaigning the government for equal rights for women. 琼对政府进行活动，要求给予妇女同等权利。

③ execute vt.1、实行，执行，完成，贯彻；2、将。。。处死 All orders were immediately executed.

所有的命令都立即执行了。

Your order will be executed as early as possible. 你的命令将尽早执行。

The pianist executed the piece of music perfectly. 这位钢琴家把这首曲子演奏得完美极了。

The criminal w as executed after the trial. 审判后罪犯即被处死。 ④ deserve vt.应受，值得（宾语可用名词，动词或动词不定式） He certainly deserves praise. 他的确应受表扬。

Our band deserves ranking w ith the best in this country.

我们的乐队在国内当之无愧属于一流。 He deserves to be sent to prison. 他应该被送去坐牢。

由 deserve 变成的形容词 deserving 后边用介词 of。 The robber is deserving of capital punishment. 这个强盗应处极刑。

The old man w as really deserving of pity. 那个老人家实在值得可怜。

⑤ status n.1、情形，状况；2、地位，身份

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We should be alw ays aw are of the status of w orld affairs. 我们应该时刻关注世界形势。

None will question his status as a scholar. 没有人会怀疑他的学者身份。

We should raise the status of women in society.

UNIT 4-2

我们应该提高妇女的社会地位。 ⑥ bring over 1、把。。。带来；2、使转变

Next summer he hopes to bring his family over from the united states. 他希望明年夏天把家属从美国带来。

My father is alw ays trying to bring me over to his way of thinking. 我的父亲总想使我接受他的思想方法。 二、重点句型

1、据估计，有 20000 多海外来的家庭佣人在英国工作。P1

There are estimated to be more than 20,000 overseas domestic servants working in Britain. There be 表\存在\的句型。

2、在这 20000 人中，将近 2000 人正受着她们的雇主的剥削和虐待。P1

Of these 20,000, just under 2000 are being exploited and abused by their employers. 3、在今年早些时候的几个广为报道的事例中，全世界女佣的悲惨处境得到新闻媒体的很大 关注。P3

The sad condition of women w orking as domestics around the w orld received much media attention earlier this year in several highly publicized cases.

4、一名菲律宾女佣因被指控犯有谋杀罪而在新加坡遭处决，尽管各地都抗议说她的犯罪事实不能充分确定。P3

A Filipino maid w as executed in Singapore after being convicted of murder, despite protests form various quarters that her guilt had not been adequately established. 5、 她曾在斯里兰卡一家茶厂挣一份十分微薄的工资。P5

She used to w ork for a very low wage at a tea factory in Sri Lanka.

6、因为她发现很难养活自己的 4 个孩子，所以接受了一件在伦敦当佣人的工作。P5

Because she found it difficult to feed her four children, she accepted a job working as a domestic in London.

7、因此如果她们提出申诉，她们就有被驱逐出境的危险。

So if they do complain, they risk being deported. 三、习题

1.单词英译汉 domestic，statistic，diplomat ，exploit ，campaign，execute，convict， despite，deserving，shelf，minimum ，status，deport，

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