-基于PLC的饮用纯净水灌装生产线系统设计9

高等教育自学考试本科毕业论文

基于PLC的饮用纯净水灌装生产线系统设计

考生姓名： 准考证号： 6

专业层次： 本科 院 （系）： 机械与动力工程学院 指导教师： 职 称： 讲师

重庆科技学院

二O一四年九月一日

高等教育自学考试本科毕业论文

基于PLC的饮用纯净水灌装生产线系统设计

考生姓名： 准考证号： 60

专业层次： 本科 指导教师：

院 （系）： 机电与动力工程学院

重庆科技学院

二O一四年九月一日

重庆科技学院高等教育自学考试本科毕业论文 中文摘要

摘 要

近年来，社会的发展和进步对各行各业提出了越来越高的要求。机械化 加工企业为了提高生产效率和市场竞争力，采用了机械化流水线作业的生产方式，对不同的产品分别组成了自动流水线。产品不断地更新换代，也同时要求相应的控制系统随之改，提高产品生产的效率。在这种情况下，硬连接方式的继电接触式控制系统就不能满足经常更新的要求了。这是因为，一是成本高，二是周期长。在早期还出现过矩阵式顺序控制器和晶体管逻辑控制系统，由于这些装置体积大，功能少，本身存在很多不足，虽然在能够提高控制系统的通用性和灵活性，但均未得到广泛应该。

PLC可编程序控制器具有结构简单、编程方便、可靠性高等优点，已广泛用于工业过程和位置的自动控制中。据统计，可编程控制器是工业自动化装置中应用最多的一种设备。专家认为，可编程控制器将成为今后工业控制的主要手段和重要的基础设备之一。由于PLC具有对使用环境适应性强的特性，同时其内部定时器资源十分丰富，纯净水灌装机发展很快，早已由人工手动灌装发展实现机械自动化灌装，且自动化水平日益提高。随着科学技术和生产的发展，现在越来越多的将PLC应用于灌装机系统中。

关 键 词：继电接触式控制系统、PLC、灌装机、自动控制。

I

重庆科技学院高等教育自学考试本科毕业论文 英文摘要

ABSTRACT

In recent years, the development of social development and progress of all walks of life put forward more and more high demand. Mechanization processing enterprise in order to increase the production efficiency and competitiveness, the mechanization line operation mode of production, to a different products separately formed to be automatic assembly line. Product constantly updating and upgrading, and also requires the appropriate control system then change, improve product production efficiency. In this case, hard links of the way the relay contact control system can not meet the requirement of often update. Because, the first is a high cost, and the second is cycle is long. In the early days also appeared matrix sequence controller and the transistor logic control system, because the device is big, the function is less, there are so many shortcomings, although in can increase control system of general and flexibility, but were not widely should.

PLC programmable controller is simple in structure, convenient programming and high reliability etc, are widely used in industrial process and the location of the automatic control. According to the statistics, the programmable controller is used in the industrial automation devices a kind of most equipment. Experts think, programmable controller will be the major means of industrial control and important one of the foundation of the equipment. Due to the use of PLC has the characteristics of strong adaptability to the environment, and the internal timer is very rich in resources, pure water filling machine development soon, have already by manual filling development realize automatic mechanical filling, and automation level is increasing day by day. Along with the science and technology and the development of production, now more and more will PLC in the filling machine system.

Key Words: The system of relay contact control、PLC、Filling machine、Automatic control。

II

重庆科技学院高等教育自学考试本科毕业论文 目录

目 录

1、绪论 ......................................................................................................................................................... 1

1.1课题研究背景 ................................................................................................................................ 1 1.2课题研究内容 ................................................................................................................................ 1 2、系统总体方案设计 ................................................................................................................................. 4

2.1任务的分析 .................................................................................................................................... 4 2.2硬件方案设计 ................................................................................................................................ 4 2.3软件方案设计 ................................................................................................................................ 6

2.3.1梯形图的设计 .................................................................................................................... 6 2.3.2电气控制线路的设计 ........................................................................................................ 6

3、系统元件的选择 ..................................................................................................................................... 8

3.1 PLC选型与硬件配置 .................................................................................................................... 8 3.2电动机的选型 ................................................................................................................................ 9 3.3热继电器的选型 ............................................................................................................................ 9 3.4开关电器、熔断器的选型 .......................................................................................................... 10 3.5传感器的选型 .............................................................................................................................. 10 4、系统的硬件电路 ................................................................................................................................... 11

4.1系统硬件结构框图 ...................................................................................................................... 11 4.2主电路的设计 .............................................................................................................................. 11 4.3控制电路的设计 .......................................................................................................................... 12 4.4操作面板的设计 .......................................................................................................................... 12 5、系统程序的设计 ................................................................................................................................... 14

5.1控制要求和控制过程分析 .......................................................................................................... 14 5.2 I/O端口分配 .............................................................................................................................. 15 5.3梯形图 .......................................................................................................................................... 15

5.3.1初始化程序 ...................................................................................................................... 15 5.3.2装箱选择程序 .................................................................................................................. 16 5.3.3流水线主控程序 .............................................................................................................. 18 5.3.4数码管报警程序 .............................................................................................................. 19 5.3.5记数程序 .......................................................................................................................... 20 5.3.6数据传送程序 .................................................................................................................. 21

6、结论与展望 ........................................................................................................................................... 23 致 谢 ......................................................................................................................................................... 24 参考文献 ..................................................................................................................................................... 25 论文原创性声明 ......................................................................................................................................... 26

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