英语统考参考讲义-葛子刚[1](6)

成：肯定。。。） 例如：

I believe he___ an accident, otherwise he would have arrived on time. A. would have had B. could have had C. should have had D. must have had

*should(ought to) have done表示本来应该做却没做的事情 例如：

I’m sorry I couldn’t get in touch with him before he left, I ________ him earlier. A. B. C. D.

*could+现在完成时：表示可能做的事情。用在否定句和疑问句中较多。

He ___ have done that, because I saw him just now. A.

had a telephone have telephoned should have telephoned should be phoned

mustn’t B. shouldn’t C. couldn’t

26

3. 虚拟语气：(事情不太可能发生或者根本不可能发生，所以用虚拟) 基本句型

虚拟语气的标志是if(假设，假如) *对现在的虚拟：

If +过去时（be一概用were）；主句用would+do If I were you, I would tell her.

If I had 1 million, I would buy the house. *对过去的虚拟：

If+had done;主句用would have done

If you had come to the party last night, you would have known the fact. If you had lent me the money yesterday, I would have bought the house. Had you lent me the money yesterday,… *对将来的虚拟：

If+should do/were to do;主句用would do

If you were to come here tomorrow, I would tell you the truth.

27

If I should have 1 million, I would buy the house.= Should I have 1 million,….

If I were to have 1 million, I would buy the house Were I to have 1 million,…

*请记住如果把上面虚拟语气句子中的if去掉，那么请倒装从句。 If I were you, I would tell her.

倒装后：Were I you, I would tell her

********************************

If you had come to the party last night, you would have known the fact.

倒装后：Had you come to the party last night, you would have known the fact.

If you were to come here tomorrow,

I would tell you the truth.

倒装后：Were you to come here tomorrow, I would tell you the truth. 例题：

If a better material _A__, the strength of the part would have been increased.对过去虚拟 A.B.C.

had been used had been using being used using

D.

28

Had the weather been good, the children_B__ out for a walk.对过去的虚拟 A.B.C.

had gone could have gone would go went

D.

语法答题要点 虚拟语气的特殊要点

* It is (high) time that 后面的从句谓语动词要用过去式或用should加动词原形，但should不可省略。 例如：

It is time that the children went to bed. It is high time that the children should go to bed

小窍门：考试中一般遇到it is time，后面的虚拟语气通常都是选择过去式。“Should+动词原形”几乎不考。 Don’t you think it is time you_B_ smoking? A. B. C. D.

*有些动词后面的从句用特殊的虚拟（should +动词原形，should可以省略）：suggest（建议）, propose, advise, demand, order, insist, request, recommend, desired,等

29

give up gave up would give up will give up

The general suggests that we _A_ at once. A. B. C. D.

retreat = should retreat retreats retreated would retreat

请注意，如果suggest表示的是其它的意思，则不用虚拟语气。 His smile suggests that he loves you.(suggest在这里表示“暗示”)

*以上提到的动词，如果变成了名词形式，那么这些名词后面的从句仍然得用这种特殊的虚拟。

The general’s suggestion is that we _E__ at once. E. F. G. H.

retreat retreats retreated would retreat

*it is desired和it is important等结构后面的从句中也得用那种特殊的虚拟语气（should+动词原形,should可省略）。相同的结构有：it is suggested/requested/ordered/necessary/essential/vital/urgent/impossible/preferable/advisable/proposed that…

30

百度搜索“77cn”或“免费范文网”即可找到本站免费阅读全部范文。收藏本站方便下次阅读，免费范文网，提供经典小说综合文库英语统考参考讲义-葛子刚[1](6)在线全文阅读。