*What is the main/general idea of the passage?(文章的主要思想是什么？) *The main theme of the passage is___? (文章的主题是____?)
*The passage is mainly about____? 文章主要关于_____?
*Which of the following can be the best title of the passage? 下面哪个可以作为文章的标题？ *What is the author’s main point? 作者主要想表达什么？ 如何找出这些问题的答案呢？ 浏览每段的首末句即可找出答案
文章的主要思想出现的位置有以下几种情况： *段首 *段末 *段首+段末 *中间
The United States is a large country. From the East Coast to the West Coast it is about 3000 miles wide. The Atlantic Ocean is on the east coast and the Pacific Ocean is on the west coast. Canada is the country to the north of the United States and Mexico is the country to the south. There are many rivers in the US. The most important one are the Mississippi River and the Missouri River in the central part of the country, and the Colorado and Columbia River in the west. There are 50 states in the U.S. today.
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The American people are of almost every race in the world. This is because of immigration form abroad throughout American history. The population is now over two hundred million. English is the common language. The largest city in the United States is New York. It is on New York Bay and at the mouth of the Hudson River. 5. The best title for the passage is ____. A. New York City B. Knowing the U.S. C. The Position of the U.S. D. The History of the U.S.
[5]B.中心思想题。解决中心思想题的做法是阅读每个段落的第一句话，这样一般就可以得出文章大意了。如果这样找不出文章的大意，我们再看看一看每个段落的最后一句话。如果还是找不到大意，我们再读一读每个段落的第二句话。文章第一段的第一句话大意是“美国很大。”第一段最后一句话意思是“如今，美国有50个州。”第二段的第一句话说“美国人民包含了世界各个种族。”第二段最后一句话的意思是“纽约坐落于纽约湾，就在哈得孙河的河口处。”从这些句子当中，我们可以知道文章介绍了美国的整体情况，所以最好的题目是B（“了解美国”）。A的意思是“纽约市”，C的意思是“美国的位置”，D的意思是“美国的历史”。
2．细节题：这类问题考察学生对细节的把握（如时间、地点、原因、结果等）。答案一般可以在原文中直接找到。 解题思想：
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*词语定位法：在问题中找出中心词，然后再文章中直接找到该中心词的句子，一般答案就出现在前后句中 When did his mother marry the man? A． 1978 B. 1980
His mother married the guy in 1978.
His mother moved to live with the guy in 1978.
由于所提信息在文中比较清晰，可以一一找到，所以，解决这类问题可采用带选题跳读的阅读技巧，来找出问题或选项中出现的关键词语或主要检测点，然后略读文章，扫描这些词所在的句子，再详读这些句子。必要时，连同它们前后的句子也要仔细阅读，以便综合考虑和确定问题的答案。 这样做可以有根据地排除多余的信息及干扰项，提高解题速度。当无法在原文中找出那些关键词语时，则需在原文中找出与问题或选项意义相同或相反的句子，详细阅读并加以对照，从而获得答案。这是因为有些正确答案常常是文中相关信息的重复，只是与原文不尽相同罢了。这样做的优点是郎快速抓住供解题用的信息点，增强答题时的准确性。为此，考生应注意同／近义词和反义词的学习和积累。请看例题：
Taking pictures is fun. And taking good ones is easy if you follow a few rules. Before you snap a picture, think about it. Be sure you are close enough to your subject. A pretty face against a plain background, for instance, makes a good picture. But a distant figure lost among trees and clouds lacks interest. In a landscape scene, try to keep at least two-thirds of the picture below the line
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where the ground meets the sky. For a sky scene, keep at least two-thirds of the picture above that line.
Study pictures in newspapers and books. Try to see why some are better than others. Use what you have learned to improve your own pictures. 1. The subject of a picture should usually look___________ .
A. close B. small C. shadowy D. distant
2. In the first example, the subject was probably a____________ . A. car B. girl C. tree D. cloud
3. In a landscape scene two-thirds of the picture should be______________ .
A. sky B. clouds C. land D. horizon地平线
第一步，找出这些问题中的关键词语：问题1中的关键词语是subject，look；问题2中的关键词语是first example，subject；问题3中的关键词语是landscape scene，two-thirds of the picture。
第二步，跳读短文，找出含有关键词语的句子。问题1中的关键词语在第一段的第四句。问题2中的关键词语first example未出现在文中，浏览全文后发现first example正是第一段中的第五 句。问题3中的关键词语landscape scene，two-thirds of the picture是第一段的第七句。
第三步，详读这些句子及其周围的句子，找出各题的正确答案。问题1的答案为A；问题2因只有。 girl拥有a pretty face，所以答案为B；问题3
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的答案为C，因为below the line where the ground meets the sky的只有land 有些时候，问题中所用的词语并非出现在原文中，而是原文中某些词语的同义词，这就会加大难度。 请看例题：
A tree is a tall, woody plant. The big part in the middle is called the trunk and the \the shape of the leaves. Some trees have long, thin leaves that are shaped like needles. This group includes pine trees and spruce trees. Other trees have broad, flat leaves. This group includes oak trees and maple trees. The largest living thing on the earth today is a tree in California. It has a trunk which is approximately ten meters wide!
1. The main part of a tree is its_____________ .
A. leaves B. trunk C. branches
2. Trees are grouped according to the______________ .
A. leaves B. trunks ~ C. needles
以上两问题均以同义词对文中相关词进行提问。问题1中the main part是the big part的同义词，因此答案为B；问题2中according to the shape of是based on the shape of的近义词，因此答案为A。
3. 推断题：考查学生的逻辑推理问题。这类问题的答案不会直接出现在文章中，而是文章的字里行间中所蕴含的意思。
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