句子结构常见错误(3)

5．The suburbs nearly had five inches of rain．

6．We could see the football stadium driving across the bridge．

7．I almost had a dozen job interviews after I sent out my resume

8．There were strong calls for an immediate ceasefire in the UN Security Council

9. The exchange students we met for coffee occasionally questioned us about our latest slang.

10. I put the chair in the middle of the room that I had recently purchased.

Revised sentences

1．Our team didn’t score even once.

2．This term she is teaching a seminar on market economy at the Osaka International University．

3．The city spent almost twenty million dollars on the new stadium．

4．Tony bought an old car with a faulty transmission from a crooked dealer．

5．The suburbs had nearly five inches of rain.

6．Driving across the bridge，we could see the football stadium.

7．I had almost a dozen job interviews after I sent out my resume.

8．There were strong calls in the UN Security Council for an immediate ceasefire．

9．The exchange students we occasionally met for coffee questioned us about our latest slang．

OR：The exchange students we met for coffee questioned us

occasionally about our latest slang.

1O．I put the chair that I had recently purchased in the middle of the room．

4．悬垂修饰语(Dangling Modifiers)

悬垂修饰语是与句子的主语不能构成逻辑关系的修饰语。悬垂修饰语 可以出现在句中的任意位置，但大多位于句首。请看下面例句：

Dangling Modifiers

By going to the various sorority houses on campus and meeting hundreds of new girls，my conversation，manners，and poise became more polished．

To write the proposal，research must be done．

两句中斜体的修饰语与句子的主语不存在逻辑关系。在第一句 中，当作者想当然地认为“I”是句子的主语，并打算对自己做个 描述。但是由于用了“my conversation…”做句子的主语就破坏了 句子中的逻辑关系而引起荒谬可笑的解释：It was her conversation that visited the sorority houses．动词的非限定性短语作状语时，其 逻辑主语必须与句子主语保持一致，否则就会形成悬垂性修饰语。 如果把句子的主语改成“I”，就可改成一个令人满意的句子了。同 样，在第二句中，动词不定式在逻辑上不能修饰句子的主语，the research．

Revised Sentences

By going to the various sorority houses on campus and meeting hundreds of new girls，I polished my conversation，manners， and poise．

To write the proposal, the professor must first do some re- search．

2．悬垂动名词(Dangling Gerund)

Dangling Modifiers

By installing a birdbath．the birds were given a source of water．

After finishing the research，the paper was easy to write．

Revised Sentences

By installing a birdbath，we gave the birds a source of water．

After finishing the research，I found that the paper was easy to write．

3．悬垂动词不定式(Dangling Infinitive)

Dangling Modifiers

To ski properly，a course of instruction is necessary．

To write well，good books must be read．

Revised Sentences

To ski properly，a beginner should take a course of instruction.

To write well, I must read good books.．

4．悬垂省略从句(Dangling Elliptical Clause)

Dangling Modifier

While climbing the hill，the rain began to fall·

When only a small boy，my father took me with him to Chicago·

Revised Sentences

While climbing the hill，she felt the rain beginning to fall·

When I was only a small boy，my father took me with him to Chicago．

常用的修改悬垂性修饰语的方法有：

1.找出句子中隐含的主语，对所修饰的短语提供行为者(actor) (承担动作行为的人或物).

Dangling Modifiers

At the age of six my uncle bought my first pet，a goldfish.

While leaving the house，the phone rang·

Using this drug，many undesirable side effects are experienced．

Revised Sentences

At the age of six, I received my first pet, a goldfish from my uncle．

While leaving the house, I heard the phone ring·

Using this drug，patients experience many undesirable side effects．

2.补足悬垂短语或省略从句必要的成分，扩展其成为一个完整的 从句，由行为者做主语.

Revised Sentences

When I was six，my uncle bought me my first pet，a goldfish·

As I was leaving the house，the phone rang.

Many undesirable side effects are experienced when this drug is used.

Directions：Please revise the following sentences with dangling modifiers．

1．Thumbing through the magazine，her eyes automatically noticed the cosmetic ads．

2．To please the visitors，a cross talk was performed．

3．On entering the teacher’s office，a terrestrial globe caught his attention． ；

4．Though only seventeen，the army accepted his application．

5．From attending professional meetings，important lessons can be learned．

6．With fifty pages left to read，War and Peace was absorbing．

7．On the newsstands only an hour, its sales surprised everyone．

8．While eating lunch in the cafeteria，the computer malfunctioned

Revised sentences

1．Her eyes automatically noticed the cosmetic ads as she was thumbing through the magazine．

2．To please the visitors，they performed a cross talk。

3. On entering the teacher’s office，he noticed a terrestrial globe．

4. Though he was only seventeen，the army accepted his application.

5. From attending professional meetings，we learned some important lessons．

6. With fifty pages left to read, Tina found War and Peace was absorbing.

7. Because the magazine had been on the newsstands only an hour, its sales surprised everyone．

8. While the programmer was eating lunch in the cafeteria，the computer malfunctioned．

Directions：Here are sentences with dangling modifiers．Correct them in two ways．Either place the subject within the opening word group，or place it right after the opening word group．

1.Swimming at the lake，a rock cut Maria’s foot．

2.While eating my sandwich，five mosquitoes bit me．

3.Getting out of bed，the tile floor was so cold that Sue shivered all over．

4Although exhausted from operating, the day ended with reading lab reports.

Revised sentences

1.When Maria was swimming at the lake，she cut her foot on a rock．

OR：Swimming at the lake，Maria cut her foot on a rock．

2．While I was eating my sandwich，five mosquitoes bit me．

OR：While eating my sandwich，I was bitten by five mosquitoes．

3．When Sue got out of bed，the tile floor was so cold that she shivered all over．

OR：Getting out of bed，Sue found the tile floor so cold that she shivered a11 over．

4. Although the doctor was exhausted from operating，he ended the day by reading lab reports．

OR: Although exhausted from operating, the doctor ended the day by

reading lab reports.

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