句子结构常见错误(2)

The girls scored higher in math；however，the boys scored higher in verbal skills．

Gestures are a means of communication for everyone; neverthe1ess， they are essential for the hearing-impaired．

Education is an elusive word; indeed, it often means different things to different people．

Yellowstone National Park consists of two million acres of backcountry; therefore, hikers would especially enjoy a vacation there．

5.使用从属连词、关系副词或关系代词连接. 当可以判断出一个 句子从逻辑上或意义上从属于另一个句子时, 可以将此接排句 改写成复合句。

Revised Sentences

The girls scored higher in math，while the boys scored higher in verbal skills．

Although gestures are a means of communication for everyone， they are essential for the hearing-impaired．

The power failure caused a blackout which created a lot of problems．

Hikers would especially enjoy a vacation at Yellowstone National Park，which consists of two million acres of backcountry

Directions: Revise the following run-on sentences

1． Women no longer need to move into the traditionally male

professions they have already opened most of the doors to desirable career paths．

2．I called for a reservation at a famous restaurant in town，all the tables were taken before the Dragon Boat Festival．

3．Eric was late to work he ran all the way．

Revised sentences

1．Women no longer need to move into the traditionally male professions，for they have already opened most of the doors to desirable career paths．

OR：Women no longer need to move into the traditionally male professions；they have already opened most of the doors to desirable career paths．

OR：Women no longer need to move into the traditionally male professions．They have already opened most of the doors to desirable career paths．

OR：Because women have already opened most of the doors to

desirable career paths，they no longer need to move into the traditionally male professions．

2．I called for a reservation at a famous restaurant in town． All the tables were taken before the Dragon Boat Festival．

OR：I called for a reservation at a famous restaurant in town，but all the tables were taken before the Dragon Boat Festival．

OR：I called for a reservation at a famous restaurant in town； however，all the tables were taken before the Dragon Boat Festival．

OR：I called for a reservation at a famous restaurant in town；all the tables were taken before the Dragon Boat Festival．

OR：Although I called for a reservation at a famous restaurant in town，all the tables were taken before the Dragon Boat Festival．

3．Eric was late to work，so he ran all the way．

or：Eric ran all the way；otherwise，he could have been late to work．

or：Because Eric was late to work，he ran all the way．

or：Eric ran all the way because he was late to work．

or：Eric was late to work although he ran all the way．

Directions: Identify and correct serious errors(such as fragments· fused sentences and comma splices)in each of the following．

1．Without telling anyone，even her sister，Mary，going to the park，meeting her friends．

2．The physics problems were just impossible，they took all day to do·

3．That the course was so hard we all studied day and night, with no one getting an A or a B．

4．I knocked on／at the door when the lady came I gave her most in- gratiating smile．

5．Why do you ask what concern is it of yours?

6．Getting married is easy，staying married is a different matter.

7．Michelle tried each of the appetizers on the table．And then found that，when the dinner arrived，her appetite had gone·

8．She didn’t know what to say to his announcement，she was not at a complete loss for words，either．

Revised sentences

1．Without telling anyone，not even her sister，Mary went to the park to meet her friends．

2．The physics problems were just impossible；therefore，they took

all day to do．

3．The course was so hard that we all studied day and night，with no one getting an A or a B．

4．I knocked on／at the door．When the lady came，I gave her most ingratiating smile．

5．Why do you ask? What concern is it of yours?

6．Getting married is easy；staying married is a different matter．

OR：Getting married is easy，but staying married is a different matter．

OR：Although getting married is easy，staying married is a

different matter．

7．Michelle tried each of the appetizers on the table．She

then found that，when the dinner arrived，her appetite had gone．

8．She didn’t know what to say to his announcement，nor was she at a complete loss for words，either.

OR：She was neither ready with a response nor at a complete loss for words．

3. 误置修饰语（Misplaced Modifiers）

在写作中，为了使句子生动和更具有吸引力，常常需要添加修饰语。 按照英语构句规则，充当定语或状语的词、短语或从句必须尽可能地靠近 所修饰的成分。如果忽视了这个规则，在修饰语和其所修饰的中心词之间

不恰当地夹进了其他成分，就可能造成句子意思混淆，产生歧义。请看下面句子：

Misplaced Modifiers

He sold the old car to the man with leather seats．

Please give the book to the boy with the blue cover．

That cat belongs to my neighbor with five kittens．

Revised Sentences

He sold the old car with leather seats to the man．

Please give the book with the blue cover to the boy．

That cat with five kittens belongs to my neighbor．

如果一个修饰语既可以修饰其前面的词也可修饰其后面的词， 这样的修饰语称为歧义修饰语(squinting modifier)。歧义修饰 语会使读者对其修饰目的感到困惑不解。所以，应该把易产 生歧义的修饰语放在它所惟一修饰的词的前面。例如：

The equipment without the accessories sold the best．(Differ- ent types of equipment were available，some with and some without the accessories．)

The equipment sold the best without the accessories．(One type of equipment was available，and the accessories were optional．)

Squinting Modifiers

We agreed on the next day to make the adjustments· Students who practice writing often will benefit．

Revised Sentences

We agreed to make the adjustments on the next day·

(We agreed that on the next day we would make the adjustments)- Or

On the next day，we agreed to make the adjustments．

(On the next day，we agreed that we would make the adjust- ments．)

Students who often practice writing will benefit． Students who practice writing will often benefit．

所以，在写作中我们要特别注意副词的位置，要把它们放在 使读者对句子的意义更清楚的地方。请分析下面这个句子：

He only suggested three rules for us to follow．

除非我们在这里确实是指“He only suggested them；he didn’t

insist on them．”，否则only这个词就应放在它所修饰的词前面：

He suggested only three rules for US to follow．

要注意句子会随着only位置的改变而改变其意义。

Directions：Identify the misplaced word or words in each sentence． Then rewrite the sentences and make the meaning clear．

1．Our team didn’t even score once．

2 . She is teaching a seminar this term on market economy at the

Osaka International University.

3．The city almost spent twenty million dollars on the new stadium

4．Tony bought an old car from a crooked dealer with a faulty transmission．

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