专四词汇辨析

词汇辨析 第1组：放弃

abandon 指完全、永远地放弃，尤其指对其负有责任或义务者，或者放弃一个项目或计划。

desert 强调故意违背自己的义务、责任或誓言等

forsake 指遗弃以前所爱的人或事物，着重于断绝情感上的依恋 quit 强调突然或出其不意的放弃，一般指“停止” give up 多用于口头，表示停止做某事 词汇搭配 第1组：about

go about 散布，来往亲密

see about 负责处理

What about… 1. …怎样做？2. …好吗？[用于提出建议] come about 1. 发生 2. 成为现实 leave… about 到处乱放

turn about 1. 向后转 2. 转过身来

be about to 即将 [同义]be on the point of (doing)

好了，下面布置作业。

第一题：选择正确的单词填入句子。 abandon, desert, forsake, quit, give up

You must ___1___ your bad habits.

He ___2___ his wife and went away with all their money. The fort had been hurriedly ___3___.

You must ___4___ smoking, or you won’t survive.

One friend of mine has decided to ___5___ his highly-paid but demanding position in his company recently.

第一题：1. forsake2. abandoned3. deserted4. give up5. quit 词汇辨析

第2组：能力

ability指脑力或体力上能够干某事，通常暗示把某事办好的能力，后接to do, for, in 或 as，不可用of doing

capacity常指做某事的潜力，也指容纳或吸收的能力，后面常接of, for 或to do faculty指在某一方面先天具备或后天造就的能力

talent强调在某一特殊领域，尤其是在艺术方面的天生的才能

词汇搭配

第2组：accord

in accord with 与……一致[同]in accordance/aggreement/line with of one’s own accord 出于自愿，主动地[同]voluntarily with one accord 一致的，一致同意的[同]unanimously

好了，下面布置作业。

第一题：选择正确的单词填入句子。 ability, capacity, faculty, talent

My sister has a ___1___ for music.

These girls have the ___2___ to learn languages easily. We found him work more suited to his ___3___.

The boy has great ___4___ in long-distance running. 第二题：请用以下词组造句

of one’s own accord，with one accord

第一题：1. talent2. faculty3. abilities4. capacities

第二题：

of one’s own accord：I commit myself to this care of my own accord with one accord：

The board of directors passed the decision with one accord. 词汇辨析

第3组：取消

abolish指完全消除某项旧制度、法律或旧风俗等

cancel指某人因某种意想不到的原因而临时取消事前所决定的事 eliminate指淘汰或取消不需要的东西 词汇搭配

第3组：account

account for 说明、解释（原因等） on account of 基于、由于 on all accounts 无论如何

on no account 决不

take into account 考虑、重视[同]take account of

好了，下面布置作业。

第一题：选择正确的单词填入句子。

abolish, cancel, eliminate

The flight to Tokyo is ___1___ because of the strom. We must ___2___ unnecessary expense. President Lincoln worked to ___3___ slavery. 第二题：请用以下词组造句

account for, on account of, take into account

第一题：1. cancelled2. eliminate3. abolish 第二题：

account for: His illness accounted for his absence

on account of: The game was delayed on account of the bad weather.take into account: We should not take one’s looking into account when we are judging his or her performance.

词汇辨析 第9组：完成

finish把一件事或一个动作做完，强调事情的了结、终止

complete完成一件指派或预定的任务，或完善、完整为完成的部分 end一个动作或一件事情的结束或终止

accomplish成功地完成预期的计划或达到预期的目的 词汇搭配

第9组：advance in advance 预先，在前面 in advance of 比……进步

第一题：选择正确的单词填入句子。

finish, complete, end, accomplish

The football ___1___ in a draw after a playoff, so it would depend on penalty kicking to decide the winner.

Haven’t you ___2___ your dinner yet?

They can never ___3___ their desire if they still lack of unity like this.

When will work on the new school building be ___4___? It’s almost a new term now!

第二题：请用以下词组造句 in advance, in advance of

第一题：1. ended2. finished 3. accomplish4. completed 第二题： in advance：

Prepare your umbrella in advance, since it’s raining in an hour. in advance of：

Great scientists’s idea are always in advance of the age in which he or she lived.

词汇辨析

第11组：获取

achieve完成，实现，强调由于极大努力，克服困难后达到目标

obtain取得，获得，只经过努力，或付出代价，或经过很长的时间而得到所需要的东西

acquire取得，获得，至今过不断的努力或积累而得到 gain往往指通过竞争获得某些有价值的东西 词汇搭配

第11组：advantage take advantage of 利用，乘机 to one’s advantage 有利地，有效地 第一题：选择正确的单词填入句子。

achieve, obtain, acquire, gain

He finally hadn't been able to ___1___ that CD.

Some people go back for their education after they have worked for years to ___2___ another degree.

This football team has ___3___ its goal of this year.

Only after ten years living in the country could one ___4___ his or her citizenship.

第二题：请用以下词组造句

take advantage of, to one’s advantage

第一题：1. obtain2. acquire3. achieve4. gain 第二题：

take advantage of: The murder killed the victim by taking advantage of the victim’s bad habbit.

to one’s advantage: The agreement is obviously to our advantage.

词汇辨析 第12组：成就

achievement指需要勇气和努力才能完成的异常危险和困难的事，其结果令人敬佩 accomplishment指需要学问或付出一定劳动后才能且已经完成的或做好了的事

feat“功绩，技艺，壮举”，指需要极大的勇气、智慧和力量或技术获得的成就，这一成就受人瞩目和佩服 词汇搭配 第12组：afraid be afraid of 害怕

be afraid to do sth. 不敢做某事 第一题：选择正确的单词填入句子。

achievement, accomplishment, feat

A widely known ___1___ of radio electronics is an electronic calculating machine that can perform several thousand arithmetical operations in one second. Among her ___2___ were sewing, cooking, playing the piano and dancing. His ___3___ of bravery will be spread from generation to gerneration. 第二题：请用以下词组造句 be afraid of, be afraid to do sth.

第一题：1. achievement 2. accomplishment3. feats 第二题：

be afraid of: Can you believe it? Such a man is afraid of cat!

be afraid to do sth: The little girl is afraid to go to sleep alone without a lit light.

词汇辨析

第10组：准确

exact确切的，精确的，指数量或质量完全符合事实、真理或标准，没有丝毫差错 correct正确的，指合乎一定的标准或规矩，没有错误 precise精密的，指具有高度的精确性和准确性

accurate准确的，精确的， 指某人或某事不仅不出错，而且与事实无出入。 词汇搭配

第10组：advice

give/offer sb. a piece of advice 给某人忠告

act on /follow/take one’s advice 听某人的忠告 advice on sth 关于……的建议 好了，下面布置作业。

第一题：选择正确的单词填入句子。

exact, correct, precise, accurate

___1___ dresse for some ceremonies is necessary for those who always attend them.

Is your watch ___2___? I suppose it’s 10 minutes slow.

Keep this ___3___ instrument away from the insolation and aquosity.

I can’t tell you the ___4___ date, but it should be around Oct. 20. 第二题：请用以下词组造句

give/offer sb. a piece of advice, act on /follow/take one’s advice, advice on sth

第一题：1. correct2. accurate3. precise4. exact 第二题：

give sb. a piece of advice：

The doctor give me a piece of advice on my health.

take one’s advice：If you take my advice, you’ll go to school early.

词汇辨析

第13组：承认

acknowledge着重“公开承认”，常用来指过去曾隐瞒或否认的事 confess着重承认自己的过错或罪恶

admit是指在压力下不得不承认已经证实或难以否认的事实 recognize指正式承认主权、权利等 词汇搭配

第13组：after after all 毕竟 ask after 询问

be/go after 追求，寻求 look after 照管

one after another 一个接一个地 take after 长得像，性格上像

好了，下面布置作业。 第一题：选择正确的单词填入句子。 acknowledge, confess, admit, recognize He ___1___ his mistake.

The murderer ___2___ to his crime.

They officially ___3___ it as the lawful government of the country. She ___4___ having been defeated. 第二题：请用以下词组造句

after all, one after another, take after

第一题：1. admitted2. confessed3. recognized4. acknowledged 第二题：

after all: We chose to take a plane after all.

one after another: The students came into the classroom one after another. take after: You do take after your aunt. 词汇辨析 第13组：承认

acknowledge着重“公开承认”，常用来指过去曾隐瞒或否认的事 confess着重承认自己的过错或罪恶

admit是指在压力下不得不承认已经证实或难以否认的事实 recognize指正式承认主权、权利等 词汇搭配

第13组：after after all 毕竟 ask after 询问

be/go after 追求，寻求 look after 照管

one after another 一个接一个地 take after 长得像，性格上像

好了，下面布置作业。 第一题：选择正确的单词填入句子。 acknowledge, confess, admit, recognize He ___1___ his mistake.

The murderer ___2___ to his crime.

They officially ___3___ it as the lawful government of the country. She ___4___ having been defeated. 第二题：请用以下词组造句

after all, one after another, take after

第一题：1. admitted2. confessed3. recognized4. acknowledged 第二题：

after all: We chose to take a plane after all.

one after another: The students came into the classroom one after another. take after: You do take after your aunt. 词汇辨析 第15组：承认

act各自的和单一的行为，强调行为的结果 action整体的行为，常用在机械、物理用语中

deed较为庄重、显著、伟大而感人的行为，且具有持久性 词汇搭配 第15组：agree

agree on/upon对……意见一致 agree to 同意，答应

agree with 一致，赞同，（食物、气候等）适合 好了，下面布置作业。

第一题：选择正确的单词填入句子。

act, action, deed

One’s ___1___ of light would be eulogized from generation. The foolish ___2___ led to her poor end. May you please tell me the ___3___ of the heart? 第二题：请用以下词组造句

agree on/upon, agree to, agree with 第一题：1. deed2. act3. action 第二题：

agree on/upon: We agree on this count at least. agree to: She said agreed to my idea.

agree with: The climate there did not agree with me.

词汇辨析 第16组：真实

real指实际存在而不是理想或虚幻的

true强调和事实相符而不是杜撰的

actual指在行为或事实上已经发生或存在的事 genuine强调纯真而不掺入其他杂物，是正宗、地道的 词汇搭配

第16组：all (上) all but几乎，差一点 all for 完全赞成

all of a sudden 突然 all in all 归根到底

第一题：选择正确的单词填入句子。

real, true, actual, genuine

The ___1___ expense was much higher than we had expected. Could fairy tales be stories of ___2___ life?

Sometimes what you see maybe not ___3___ .

That old lady’s ring is made of ___4___ diamond. 第二题：请用以下词组造句

all but, all for, all in all, all of a sudden 第一题：1. actual2. real3. true4. genuine 第二题：

all but: The movie was all but over when we finally arrived. all for: She’s all for more female going to work. all in all: All in all it had been a great success.

all of a sudden: Love always comes all of a sudden. 词汇辨析 第17组：增加

add将一物加到另一物上，使其数量、体积、重要性方面有所增大或增加

increase主要指在数量、财富、权力等方面的增加；作不及物动词时，表示“（自行）扩大”、“增长”

plus（介词）指数量上的增加 add to多指“增添”的意思 词汇搭配

第17组：all (中)

go all out全力以赴 all over 到处，遍及 all right 行；身体好 all round 全面的，

第一题：选择正确的单词填入句子。 add, increase, plus, add to

My salary has ___1___ this month.

This work requires intelligence ___2___ experience. Fireworks ___3___ to the attraction of the festival night. The bad weather ___4___ our differenties. 第二题：请用以下词组造句 all over, all right

第一题：1. increased2. plus3. added4. added to 第二题：

all over: People all over the world are now watching the opening ceremony of the Olympics.

all right: It’s all right, you can go now. 词汇辨析 第18组：足够

adequate常含有“充分但刚好足够之程度”的意思，比下面两个弱

enough指数量、份量或程度能满足一种愿望，特别是物质上的需要

sufficient指数量上尤指程度上多能满足或叨叨某种特殊需要，特别是精神上的需求 词汇搭配

第18组：all (下) all the more更加 all the same 都一样

in all 总共

not at all 一点也不

好了，下面布置作业。第一题：选择正确的单词填入句子。 adequate, enough, sufficient

More coffee? No, thanks. I’ve had ___1___. The pension is not ___2___ for living expenses. I hope you will prove ___3___ to the job. 第二题：请用以下词组造句 all the more, in all

第一题：1. enough2. sufficient3. adequate 第二题：

all the more: She’s become beautiful all the more. in all: There are 34 students in all. 词汇辨析 第19组：崇敬

admire常用语，指对优秀人物的崇敬钦佩，并含有欣赏爱慕之情 adore原指“崇拜”，现作“敬爱、爱慕”解，口语中常解释为“喜欢”

worship带有宗教色彩，指怀有虔诚的感情，对自己可望而不可及的人物的强烈崇拜。 词汇搭配 第19组：along all along始终，一直 along with 随同……一起 get along 进展，相处

第一题：选择正确的单词填入句子。 admire, adore, worship

I ___1___ him for his courage.

Leave him alone. He is now ___2___ the ground she treads on. My mother ___3___ the cinema. 第二题：请用以下词组造句 all along, along with, get along

第一题：1. admire2. worshiping3. adores 第二题：

all along: The dog live with the old lady all along. along with: He came in along with his parents

get along: The twins are always getting along well with each other. 词汇辨析 第20组：装饰

adorn指原本很美的东西饰以它物使其更美

decorate指用各种各样的图案、色彩、物品等使被装饰的东西焕然一新，以增加节日气氛

ornament指以附属物衬托某物，使其更美丽 词汇搭配 第20组：angry

angry at/with sb.生某人的气 angry at/about sth. 因某事生气 第一题：选择正确的单词填入句子。

adorn, decorate, ornament

Why don’t you ___1___ your room with some paintings? Woman like to ___2___ themselves with jewels.

People are now busy with ___3___ their Christmas trees.

第二题：请用以下词组造句 angry with sb. about sth.

第一题：1. ornament2. adorn3. decorating 第二题：

angry with sb. about sth.: Mother was angry with Tim about his lies. 词汇辨析 第21组：影响

affect影响、感动，着重指使事物受到不良影响或指个人感情受到影响 influence着重强调对人的思想或行为进行潜移默化的影响 effect作名词用表示“影响”，作动词用表示“产生，招致” 词汇搭配 第21组：annoy

be annoyed at/by sth.对某事很生气 be annoyed with sb. 对某人很生气 第一题：选择正确的单词填入句子。 affect, influence, effect

My teacher ___1___ my decision to study science. Smoking ___2___ health.

Alcoholic drink can have a bad ___3___ on your body. 第二题：请用以下词组造句 be annoyed with sb. at/by sth.

第一题：1. influenced2. affects3. effect 第二题：

be annoyed with sb. at/by sth..: I was heavily annoyed with the mosquito by their noise.

词汇辨析 第22组：热爱

affection强调“慈爱”，侧重指长期而持久的爱

love语气较强，指“深情的爱”，常用于祖国、亲友、异性等方面。 词汇搭配

第22组：another

one another互相

one after another 相继地，依次地 one way or another 以某种方式

好了，下面布置作业。 第一题：选择正确的单词填入句子。 affection, love

His ___1___ for his wife is now dead.

She has a deep ___2___ for her daughter. 第二题：请用以下词组造句

one another, one after another, one way or another 第一题：1. love2. affection

第二题：

one another: I’d like to know how do you view one another.

one after another: The students entered into the classroom one after another. one way or another: He has received that sum of money in one way or another.

词汇辨析

第23组：宣布

assert “宣称，坚持”，指不管事实如何，主观自信地宣称

claim “声称，主张”，往往表示说话者反对或不同意某一观点，或指根据某种规定提出的要求或主张

allege “宣称，断定”，指在无真实凭据情况下宣称

affirm “断言，肯定”，指根据事实坚信不移地宣称，而且有可靠证据，任何时候都不动摇 词汇搭配

第23组：answer

answer for 对……负责

in answer to 作为回答，响应 好了，下面布置作业。

第一题：选择正确的单词填入句子。

assert, claim, allege, affrim

The suspect ___1___ that he had not been in the neighborhood at the time of the crime.

They ___2___ that if more people rode bicycles to go to work there would be fewer automobiles in the downtown section of the city. He ___3___ his love for her.

She ___4___ that she was innocent. 第二题：请用以下词组造句 answer for, in answer to

词汇辨析

第24组：过去

ago 表示“现在的多长时间以前”，常与过去时连用

before 表示“过去某时的多长时间以前”，常与完成时连用 词汇搭配

第24组：anxiety

anxiety for/to do 想得到……，想做…… with anxiety 焦虑地 好了，下面布置作业。

第一题：选择正确的单词填入句子。 ago, before

Two month ___1___, I graduated from the college which I had entered three years ___2___ .

第二题：请用以下词组造句 anxiety for/to do, with anxiety

词汇辨析

第25组：恐慌

fear 指遇到危险或灾难内心感到不安或发慌 terror 指人身安全受到威胁，心中极为恐慌

horror 指令人毛骨悚然、使人极其厌恶的恐怖

alarm 指突然遇到危险而产生的紧张、害怕，常用于表示“警报” 词汇搭配

第25组：anxious

be anxious about/for 挂念的，担心的 be anxious for sb. to do 渴望某人做某事 好了，下面布置作业。

第一题：选择正确的单词填入句子。

fear, terror, horror, alarm

People were struck with the ___1___ at midnight.

I have a ___2___ that we will be late.

He was filled with ___3___ at the sight of such a huge spider.

After 911, not only Amercians, but also people all over the world were suffering from a feeling of ___4___ . 第二题：请用以下词组造句

be anxious for/about, be anxious for sb. to do

词汇辨析

第26组：相像

alike 只做表语，可用much或very much修饰，不能用very修饰 like 既可作定语也可作表语，前面可用very修饰 likely* 可能的 词汇搭配

第26组：anxious in any case 不管怎样 if any 若有，即使有 好了，下面布置作业。

第一题：选择正确的单词填入句子。 alike, like, likely

The two brother are very ___1___ .

You and your sister are very much ___2___ . It is very ___3___ that he will not consent.

第二题：请用以下词组造句 in any case/if any

词汇辨析

第27组：允许

allow 常指听任或默许某人去做，含有消极地不加反对或阻止的意思，也有表示客气的请求

permit 常指法令的允许或不允许，也能表示含有积极地同意某人去做；表示允许时，能和allow可以互

let 指积极允许，不加反对或阻止，但不能用于被动结构 admit 指允许某人进入某场所、单位或加入某单位、组织 词汇搭配

第27组：anything

anything but 根本不，除……以外决不

anything of （用于疑问句、if从句）有点；（用于否定句）一点也不 好了，下面布置作业。

第一题：选择正确的单词填入句子。

allow, permit, let, admit

My mother wouldn't ___1___ me go for the movie. Smoking is not ___2___ here.

She won't ___3___ dogs in her house. He was ___4___ into the college finally. 第二题：请用以下词组造句 anything but/anything of

词汇辨析

第28组：改变

alter 指衣服等作部分改变或变动

change 指位置、性质等改变，常与into连用表示“变为……”

convert 表示事物的外表及用途、功能方面所发生的次要变化，非本质上的巨大变化。也常与into连用

modify 修改，较正式，常用以表示意见、计划、条件或形式、质量方面不大的修改变化

词汇搭配 第28组：apart

apart from 且不说，除了……

lay / put / set apart ……(for) 留下，存下 好了，下面布置作业。

第一题：选择正确的单词填入句子。

alter, change, convert, modify

Our city has been ___1___ all the time since our childhood. You'd better ___2___ the term of the contract.

They decided to ___3___ their old house into a new one. These dresses are too short, so they must be ___4___. 第二题：请用以下词组造句

apart from, lay/put/set apart …… for

词汇辨析

第29组：惊讶

surprise 一般用语，指面对出乎意料之事感到惊奇、吃惊或怀疑

astonish 指对无法相信的事实的突然发生充满惊异，语气比\强

amaze 指对被认为不可能发生或完全出乎意料之事的发生后所感到的惊愕或困惑，可能愉快或痛苦，语气比前两个词更强

astound 震惊，是指难以置信的惊骇，在这组词中语气最强 词汇搭配

第29组：appeal

appeal/make an appeal to sb. (for sth.) 请求 appeal/make an appeal to sb. against sth. 上诉 好了，下面布置作业。

第一题：选择正确的单词填入句子。 surprise, astonish, amaze, astound

She was___1___ when she overheard her husband has been died in the war. They decided to ___2___ her by the unexpected brithday party. The news ___3___ everyone.

Many foreigners are ___4___ at the unbelivable development of China. 第二题：请用以下词组造句

appeal/make an appeal to sb. (for sth.) , appeal/make an appeal to sb. against sth.

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