会话含义理论视角下的唐顿庄园对话分析(2)

Grice, published in 1957, \in the official presentation of \theory of meaning,\meaning he divided into two categories: \sense\(natural meaning) and \the important theoretical significance of this distinction is that advocated the use of \go round earth, the in-depth analysis of discourse in verbal communication to the meaning or content of information exchange. Grice's \theory of meaning\is actually a communication theory. any communication process involves communicative intent, any successful communication depends on the listener to the

speaker's

communicative

intent

accurately

understood.

按照格莱斯地 “非自然意义理论”，在言语交际中，一句话地全部意义，即有意图地信息交流内容应作图式分解如下： 从这一图解可以清楚看到，格莱斯认定 “非自然意义由字面意义和含义两部分共同组成。因此，要全面地﹑深入地研究交际中话语地含义就必须既研究话语地字面意义又研究话语地含义，而含义中又以会话含义最为重要。会话含义具有一下特征：可废除性

（cancellability），不可分离性（non-detachability)，可推导性（calculability）和非规约性（non-conventionality）。 Grice according to \theory of meaning\in verbal communication, the full meaning of the word, the exchange of information that is intentionally plotted content should decomposition formula is as follows: It is clear that Grice finds \significance and meaning from the literal meaning composed of two parts. Therefore, to fully depth study of communication to the meaning of words must be both literal meaning and discourse studies to study the meaning of words, but the meaning of the meaning of the most important conversation again having a conversation about the meaning of characteristics: the abolition of the can (cancellability), inseparability (non-detachability), can be derived resistance (calculability) and the Statute of the (non- conventionality).

会话含义的 产生是由于在现实交际中，人们出于种种原因，并不都严格地遵守合作原则及其相关准则。因而有必要先介绍一下格莱斯的合作原则及其准则。格莱斯认为，在所有地语言交际中为了达到特定的目标，说话人和听话人之间存在着一种默契，一种双方都应该遵守的原则，他称这种原则为会话的合作原则

（cooperative principle，简称CP），也就是说，每一个交谈参与者在整个交谈过程中所说地话要符合交谈的公认目的或方向。

Session

meaning

arises

because

in

reality

communication, people for various reasons, not all strictly abide by the principles of cooperation and related guidelines. Thus it is necessary to introduce the principle of cooperation Grice and guidelines. Grice believes in all local

languages

in

order

to

achieve

specific

communication goals, there is a tacit understanding between speaker and listener, a principle of both sides should observe the principles of cooperation, he said that the principle of the session (cooperative principle, referred to as CP), that is to say, each of said one participant in the conversation throughout the course of this conversation, then to be consistent with generally accepted purpose or direction of the conversation. 格赖斯（1975）针对会话含义和规约意义的区别，指出会话含义具有五个特点：

1）可取消性（cancellability）

在具体情况下，一个会话含义可以通过附加一个分句而被取消或

者通过上下文表明说话人放弃了那个会话含义。例如，“Bill has four books．”一句带有这样的含义：比尔只有四本书，不多也不少。但若在该句之后加上“…and perhaps five or more．”这样一个分句，则先前的含义（即比尔只有四本书，不多也不少）就被取消了。

2）不可分离性（non－detachability）

除了背景知识外，说话人所说的话的内容而非它的形式在产生会话含义中起作用。换言之，会话含义依附于话语内容，而不依附于话语形式。因此，一般说来，一个人不可能通过改变同一内容的不同讲法而改变会话含义。例如： A：What did you think of the lecture？ B：Well，I thought the lecture hall was big．

B句的会话含义是：“没有多少人对讲座感兴趣”。如果将句中的thought换成believed，should say，reckoned等词，big换成large，great等词，句子的会话含义仍然存在。

Grice (1975) the difference between the meaning and significance of the Statute for the session, noting that the session meaning has five characteristics: 1) cancellability (cancellability)

In the specific case, a session can be added by means of a

clause to be canceled or the context indicates that the speaker gave up the meaning of the conversation. For example, \Bill has four books\the meaning of this sentence: Bill only four books, neither more nor less. However, if after the sentence adds perhaps five or more such a clause, the previous meaning (ex, Bill only four books, no less) was canceled.

2) the inseparability of (non-detachability)

In addition to background knowledge, the contents of the words of the speaker rather than its form play a role in generating a session meaning. In other words, the content of the session meaning attached to words, not attached to forms of discourse. Thus, in general, a person of the same argument cannot be varied by changing the content of the conversation changed meaning. ex: A: What did you think of the lecture? B: Well, I thought the lecture hall was big.

B conversation sentence means: \many people are interested in talks.\If the sentence of thought into believed, should say, reckoned the words, meaning big conversation into large, great and other words, the sentence remains.

百度搜索“77cn”或“免费范文网”即可找到本站免费阅读全部范文。收藏本站方便下次阅读，免费范文网，提供经典小说综合文库会话含义理论视角下的唐顿庄园对话分析(2)在线全文阅读。