熔融沉积3D打印机机械结构的设计

天津职业技术师范大学

Tianjin University of Technology and Education

毕 专 业：班级学号：学生姓名：指导教师：

业 设 计

机械制造工艺教育 机制0911 - 29 张 斌

刘玉山 副教授

二〇一四年六月

天津职业技术师范大学本科生毕业设计

熔融沉积3D打印机机械结构的设计

Design for 3D Printer of Fused Deposition

Manufacturing

专业班级：机制0911 学生姓名：张 斌

指导教师：刘玉山 副教授 学 院：机械工程学院

2014 年 06 月

摘 要

随着科学技术的发展,快速成形技术已广泛应用于机械制造领域,提高快速成型技术的应用水平,高效、快速的加工已经成为当前快速成型加工技术发展的一个新课题。熔融沉积成型工艺(熔融沉积成型工艺)后LOM工艺和SLA工艺开发的3 D打印技术。3D打印技术技术发明于1988年, Scott Crump成立Stratasys公司。Stratasys公司在1992年推出了世界上第一个基于FDM 3 D打印机技术——“3 D造型,3 D建模者)“这也标志着FDM技术投入商业阶段。

快速成型技术的发展和应用越来越广泛和深入,3 D印制机的需求越来越大。因此,本文针对熔融沉积的3 D印制机机械结构进行了设计,包括:1。改进单喷嘴,2 .x - y扫描机制:3.Z轴升降机制:4.传动机构。x - y平面扫描的方向运动、运动的机械传动、打印机精度、同步带传动精密、滚珠丝杆传动。不要出现在行程较长时抖动,有利于确保扫描精度,稳定的运动。使用线性步进电机直接连接滚珠丝杆、响应更加快速准确,因为没有中间部分同时,简化了机械结构,精度高。

熔融沉积在3 D打印过程中,机械结构的设计, 运动和传动更加合理和平稳，使它更好的生产。

关键词：喷头；X-Y扫描机构；Z轴升降机构；传动机构。

ABSTRACT

With the development of science and technology, Rapid prototyping processing technology has been widely used in the field of machinery manufacturing. Raise the level of the application of rapid prototyping technology.Implement efficient processing has become the current rapid prototyping processing technology development of a new topic. Fused deposition molding process (Fused deposition molding process) is developed after the LOM process and SLA process a 3d printing technology. The technology by Scott Crump invented in 1988, Scott Crump founded Stratasys. Stratasys in 1992, launched the world's first based on FDM technology of 3d printer - \modelling, 3d Modeler)\it also marks the FDM technology into commercial stage..

The development and application of rapid prototyping technology is more and more extensive and in-depth, 3d printers demand is becoming more and more big. Thus, this paper 3d printers for fused deposition of mechanical structure design, including: 1. Improvement of single nozzle, 2 x-y scanning mechanism: 3. Z axis lifting mechanism: 4. Drive mechanism, and on the part of the structure is improved. X-y plane scanning in the direction of movement and the movement of mechanical transmission printer from precision synchronous belt drive into precision ball screw drive. Don't appear when in the journey is longer than the jitter, is beneficial to ensure accuracy of scanning, stable movement. Using linear stepper motor directly connected ball screw, response more accurately, because there is no middle part at the same time, simplify the mechanical structure, high precision.

In fused deposition in the process of 3d printers, the design of the mechanical structure, motor and driving more reasonable and stable, and make it better in production

Key Words: Nozzle; X-y scanning mechanism; The Z axis lifting mechanism; Transmission mechanism

目 录

1绪 论............................................. 1

1.1熔融沉积快速成型技术的简介 ................................................................ 1

1.1.1PDM的技术原理介绍 ....................................................................... 1 1.1.2几种典型的快速成型技术 ............................................................. 1 1.2熔融沉积3D打印机概述 .......................................................................... 2 1.3熔融沉积3D打印机工艺原理及过程 ...................................................... 2 1.4熔融沉积3D打印机国内外现有技术水平 .............................................. 3 1.5熔融沉积3D打印机应用领域 .................................................................. 3 1.6本次设计的主要工作 ................................................................................ 3

1.6.1主要设计工作 ................................................................................. 3 1.6.2设计参数 ......................................................................................... 4 1.6.3设计思路及主要问题 ..................................................................... 4

2传动部分的设计 ..................................... 5

2.1设计任务 .................................................................................................... 5

2.1.1设计目的 ......................................................................................... 5 2.1.2机械结构传动装置设计 ................................................................. 5 2.2步进电机的选择设计任务 ........................................................................ 6

2.2.1步进电机的简介 ............................................................................. 6 2.3丝杠的选型 ................................................................................................ 8 2.4初选导轨型号 .......................................................................................... 10

3.传动部分总体设计的计算 ........................... 10

3.1丝杠的受力计算 ...................................................................................... 10 3.2导轨的选型及计算 .................................................................................. 11

3.2.1导轨刚度检验 ............................................................................... 11 3.3丝杠和螺母自锁校核计算 ...................................................................... 11

3.3.1 电机转矩的选择计算 .................................................................. 12 3.3.2 加热板材料的选择 ...................................................................... 13

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