2 3 1 1 3 2 x = [8 2 1;2 8 3;9 1 7]
y = sortrows(x,1) %以行为单位，按指定的列排序 x =
8 2 1 2 8 3 9 1 7 y =
2 8 3 8 2 1 9 1 7
2
MATLAB运算符
2.1 算术运算符
2.1.1 加、减法[M×N]±[M×N]，[M×N]±a
A = [1:3 ; 4:6], B = ones(2,3)
C = A+B, D = A-B, E = D+2 %同维矩阵，对应元素相加 A =
1 2 3 4 5 6 B =
1 1 1 1 1 1 C =
2 3 4 5 6 7 D =
0 1 2 3 4 5 E =
2 3 4 5 6 7
2.1.2 数组乘法[M×N].*[M×N]，[M×N].*a
A = [1:3 ; 4:6], B = [1 1 1; 2 2 2] C = A.*B, D = C*3 %同维矩阵，对应元素相乘 A =
1 2 3 4 5 6 B =
1 1 1 2 2 2 C =
1 2 3 8 10 12 D =
3 6 9 24 30 36
2.1.3 数组除法[M×N]./[M×N]，[M×N].\\[M×N]，[M×N]./a，[M×N].\\a
A = [1:3 ; 4:6], B = [1 1 1; 2 2 2]
C = A./B, D = A.\\B%同维矩阵，对应元素相除；想象成杠杆撬动，上面是被除数 E = A./2, F = 2./A A =
1 2 3 4 5 6 B =
1 1 1 2 2 2 C =
1.0000 2.0000 3.0000 2.0000 2.5000 3.0000 D =
1.0000 0.5000 0.3333 0.5000 0.4000 0.3333 E =
0.5000 1.0000 1.5000 2.0000 2.5000 3.0000
F =
2.0000 1.0000 0.6667 0.5000 0.4000 0.3333
2.1.4 数组乘方[M×N].^[M×N]，a.^[M×N]，[M×N].^a
A = [1:3 ; 4:6], B = [1 1 1; 2 2 2] C = A.^B, D = 2.^A, E = A.^2 A =
1 2 3 4 5 6 B =
1 1 1 2 2 2 C =
1 2 3 16 25 36 D =
2 4 8 16 32 64 E =
1 4 9 16 25 36
2.1.5 矩阵乘法[M×N]*[N×M]，[M×N]*a
A = [1:3 ; 4:6], B = [1 1; 2 2; 3 3], C = A*B, D = A*3 A =
1 2 3 4 5 6 B =
1 1 2 2 3 3 C =
14 14
32 32 D =
3 6 9 12 15 18
2.1.6 矩阵乘方[M×M]^a
A = [1:3 ; 4:6; 7:9], B = A^2 A =
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 B =
30 36 42 66 81 96 102 126 150
2.1.7 线性方程求解[M×N]\\[M×1]，[1×M]/[N×M]
?x?2y?2z?3?122??x??3?????????2x-y-z?6??2?1?1??y???6??AX?Y?x?y-z?2?11?1????z????2????
?121???362?X'A'?Y'??xyz??2?11??????2?1?1??
A = [1 2 2;2 -1 -1;1 1 -1],b = [3;6;2],x = A\\b,y = b'/A' A =
1 2 2 2 -1 -1 1 1 -1 b = 3 6 2
x =
3.0000 -0.5000 0.5000 y =
3.0000 -0.5000 0.5000
2.2 关系运算符
仅以“大于”运算为例
A = reshape(1:6,2,3), B = 2*ones(2,3), x = A>B, y = A>3 A =
1 3 5 2 4 6 B =
2 2 2 2 2 2 x =
0 1 1 0 1 1 y =
0 0 1 0 1 1
2.3 逻辑运算符
仅以“与”运算为例
A = reshape(1:6,2,3)-3, B = [1 1 1;0 0 0] x = A&B, y = A&0 A =
-2 0 2 -1 1 3 B =
1 1 1 0 0 0 x =
1 0 1 0 0 0
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