初中英语近义词辨析专项练习题

完形填空专项训练一（词类辨析）

1. tell, talk, say, speak

(1)tell 告诉，讲述 tell sb. sth.=tell sth. to sb. 告诉某人某事

(2)talk 交谈 talk to/with sb.和某人交谈 talk about sth. 谈论某事 (3)say 说， 强调说的内容 say hello to sb. 向某人问好 (4)speak 说某种语言 练习1：

1. Can you_________ me the truth? 2. What language do you__________?

3. This is what they__________ yesterday.

4. Don’t__________ in class，please be quiet.

2. look, look at, see, watch

(1)look 看起来 look+形容词 (2)look at 朝?看 强调看的动作 (3)see 看见 强调看的结果

(4)watch 观看 尤其指看电视，看球赛等 练习2：

1. The coat__________ nice, I want to buy one for my daughter.

2. Please_____________ the blackboard, can you___________ anything?

3. She doesn’t like__________ TV, but she likes_____________ football game.

3. sound，listen to, hear

(1) sound 听起来 sound+形容词 (2) listen to 听 强调听的动作 (3) hear 听见 强调听的结果 练习3：

1. ____________the radio, it says the flood is coming soon.

2. I can’t__________ you , because there’s something wrong with my ears. 3. What you said____________ interesting.

4. receive, accept

(1)receive 收到 强调客观接受 (2)accept 接受，收下 强调主观接受

She received his letter but she can’t accepted his love. 练习4：

He___________ a present yesterday, but he didn’t ___________ it, because it was too expensive.

5. look up, look for, find, find out

(1)look up 查词典、书、电话簿等，代词放中间 look it up (2)look for 寻找 强调找的动作 (3)find 找到 强调找的结果

(4)find out 发现结果 指经过努力而发现的结论 练习5：

1. He often takes a dictionary and______________ the new words in it?

2. The little girl______________ her pen everywhere but didn’t_____________ it at last.

3. Look! Lucy is crying over there. Let’s go and_____________ why is she crying.

6. keep, borrow, lend

(1)keep 借 可以保留一段时间

(2)borrow 借 强调将东西接进来 borrow...from 从......借来 (3)lend 借 强调将东西借出去 lend...to 借给 练习6：

1. ---My bike is broken, can I___________ yours ,Lily? ---Oh, sorry, I’ve_________ it to Sandy.

2. You can___________ my recorder for three days. 3. We often___________ books from our school library. 4. He often___________ money to his brother.

7. reach, arrive, get

(1)reach 到达，够得着 是个及物动词

(2)arrive 到达 不及物动词 arrive in+大地点 arrive at+小地点 (3)get 到达 不及物动词 get to到达 练习7：

1. They will__________ in Chengdu next week. 2. How do you ____________to school every day?

3. Use a longer stick, then you can____________ the apples.

8. thanks to, thanks for (1)thank to 幸亏，由于 (2)thanks for 因?谢谢 练习8：

1. ___________ your help, I’ve understand it.

2. _____________ the cats, mice dare not come and eat my food.

9. give in, give up (1)give in 投降

(2)give up 放弃 give up doing sth. 放弃做某事 练习9：

1. We shouldn’t____________ learning English!

2. I would rather die than ____________ before my enemies.

10. achieve, come true

(1)achieve 实现（理想、愿望、预言等） 及物动词，主语一般为人

(2)come true 实现 不及物动词组，主语为梦想，理想 练习10：

1. He works so hard that he is sure to____________ his dream.

2. His prediction of human’s flying to the moon __________________.

11. turn off, close, turn on, open

(1)turn off 关（电器） turn on 开（电器）

(2)close 关（门、窗、书等） open 开（门、窗、书等） 练习11：

1. _______________ the windows please, it’s so cold outside. 2. ____________ the lights before you leave the room. 3. The dog ____________ the box and took the bone out!

4. _____________ the TV, I want to watch the NBA basketball games.

12. break off, break out, break into, break down (1)break off 中断关系，突然终止 (2)break out 指战争爆发

(3)break into 非法进入或闯入 (4)break down 坏掉，（车、船等）抛锚，中途不工作 练习12：

1 He was late for school yesterday, because his car ____ on the half way. 2 The World WarⅡ ____ when she was only five.

3 They ____ their friendship and didn’t talk to each other any more. 4 Last night a thief _____ my house and took away my TV.

13. reply, answer, solve

(1)reply 回复，答复 不及物动词 reply to sb. (2)answer 回答,答案 及物动词 answer question (3)solve 解决，处理 及物动词 solve problem 练习13：

1. What did Mr. Smith___________ to what others said? 2. No one in our class can__________ this question.

3. It’s too difficult for everyone to___________ that problem. 4. She failed to ____________ my question. 5. We haven’t __________ to his letter yet.

6. None of us knew the ____________ to the problem.

14. hope, wish

(1)hope 希望,指较为现实的想法 hope to do 或hope + 从句，但没有hope sb to do (2)wish 希望，指不太现实的要求或想法 wish to do 或 wish sb to do 练习14：

1. ---The weather may be fine tomorrow. ---I_________ so.

3. Mum _________me to be a doctor in the future. 4. How I_________I could fly to the moon!

15. take, cost, spend, pay

(1)take 花费, 尤指花费时间,主语为物 it takes sb. some time to do sth. (2)cost 花费, 指花金钱 ，主语为物 sth. cost sb. some money

(3)spend 花费, 主语为人 spend...(in) doing 或spend...on sth. (4)pay 花费, 主语为人 pay for 练习15：

1. It often_____________ about 3 hours to get to school from my home.

2. ---Who will ____ for the bill? ---Maybe our boss.

3. The house_________ him 30,000 dollars.

4. His cousin__________ the whole day making the toy car yesterday.

16. take part in, join, attend (1)take part in 参加某项活动

(2)join 指参加某组织，成为其中的一个成员

(3)attend 指参加会议，婚礼，葬礼，典礼；去上课，上学，听报告等 练习16：

1. Mr. Wang____________ the Party 5 years ago.

2. They invited Lily_____________________ the English evening. 3. He’ll _________ an important meeting tomorrow.

17. do with， deal with

(1)do with 处理，应付 在问句中要与what 连用 (2)deal with 处理，对付 在问句中要与how连用 练习17：

1. How can you______________ that problem? 2. What do you______________ the event?

18. put on, wear, dress, in

(1)put on 穿上 强调穿衣的动作

(2)wear 穿着 强调穿的状态，是一个延续性动词

(3)dress 给?穿衣服 宾语为人 dress oneself 给某人自己穿衣服 (4)in 穿着 强调穿戴的状态 be in+颜色 练习18：

1. ___________ the warm clothes, it’s cold outside.

2. Mary is always_________ red clothes . Maybe red is her favorite color. 3. The little boy could____________ himself when he was three years old. 4. The old man___________ a pair of glasses.

19. win, beat，defeat

(1) win 赢得 一般指赢得比赛，奖品或战斗，宾语为物

(2) beat 战胜，打败 一般指打败参加比赛或游戏的人或团体，宾语为人 (3)defeat 战胜，打败 一般指战场上打败敌人，宾语为人 练习19：

1. Our team has___________ the football match, we are all happy.

2. The Brazilian football team________ us 5-0 in that match, all the Chinese fans were very sad. 3. The army___________ the enemy at last.

20. be made in, be made of, be made from, be made up of (1)be made in 在哪里制作，后面接产地 (2)be made of 由?制成，看得出原料 (3)be made from由?制成，看不出原料

(4)be made up of由?组成，强调由个体组成整体

练习20：

1. The desk__________________ wood.

2. This kind of watch___________________ Shanghai. 3. Our class _________________ 50 students. 4. Paper_____________________ bamboo.

21. have been to, have gone to

(1)have been to 曾经去过（现在在说话地），可与次数连用 (2)have gone to已经去了（现在不在说话地） 练习21：

1. They _________________ Italy for more than 7 years, so Italy is their second home. 2. ---How many times_____________________ Hainan? ---Only 3 times.

22. too much, much too, too many, many too (1)too much 太多 too much+不可数名词 (2)much too 太...... much too+形容词

(3)too many 太多 too many+可数名词复数 (4)many too 用法不存在 练习22：

1. The computer is________________ expensive. 2. Stop, Peter. You talked _____________. 3. Don’t eat____________ apples every day.

4.Father, have a rest. You’ve ______________ tired today. 5.Hurry up! You have wasted _________________ time.

23. many, much , lots of , a lot ( of )

(1)many 许多 many+可数名词复数 (2)much 许多 much+不可数名词

(3)a lot of/lots of 许多 a lot of/lots of+可数名词复数/不可数名词 (4)a lot 很，非常 a lot 修饰动词 练习23：

1. ____________ of the visitors are workers. 2. Has Jack have _____________ money?

3. During those three weeks, he ate ______________ meat.

4. I did not understand why you had so ______________ strange questions. 5. Although he is a boy, he reads ______________.

24. above all， after all， first of all， at all, in all (1)above all 最重要的是, 尤其是，强调要引起特别注意 (2) after all 毕竟, 终究 (3) first of all 首先, 强调次序

(4) at all 根本，丝毫 否定+at all (5)in all 总共, 总计 练习25：

1. Never waste anything, but _______________ never waste time.

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