阅读理解10篇(2)

A. full enrollment B. raising fees C. reducing student aid D. national support

Passage 6

While some parents might view the frequent use of films and videos in their children‘s classroom as a sign of laziness on the part of teachers, a new study published in the American Psychological Association‘s (APA) Journal of Educational Psychology suggests otherwise: such teaching materials may help children, unlike adults, remember more of what they are taught.

The result of the experiment conducted by Psychologist Juliette Molen, Ph.D, is, children who watched the television news reports recalled more of what they viewed than the children who read the printed versions. There were some differences, however, the more proficient readers remembered more from either medium than the less proficient readers, and the older children who were told they would be tested expended greater mental effort than those who were not told they would be tested. Also, the children who watched the televised version recalled more items of information that were presented both verbally and visually than they did those that were presented only verbally, without accompanying pictures. In other words, the television items were particularly effective (compared with the printed versions) when the children received the news via two channels, the spoken commentary and the television pictures conveying more or less the same information.

―The results of this study,‖ the researchers conclude, ―are ?good news‘ for children, because in the home situation they rely primarily on the medium that can serve them more effectively. For instructional settings, the study suggests that television news that is adapted to children‘s level of understanding and that effectively uses verbal and visual media may be an effective aid to the teacher.‖

1. What is the attitude of some parents toward using films and videos in teaching? A) They think it is a waste of time. B) They are in favor of it.

C) They think it is of little benefit to the children.

D) They think the teacher didn‘t work hard enough in teaching.

2. What do we know from the study published in APA journal of Educational Psychology? A) Using films and videos as a teaching aid is no good for teaching. B) Children learn more information from reading the printed versions.

C) Children remember more from watching TV news reports than from reading them. D) Children learn as much as adults from watching television news reports. 3. What can we infer from the experiment?

A) Children received the same amount of information via the two channels of television and books.

B) Books were more effective in conveying information than televisions.

C) The spoken commentary and the TV pictures convey the same information.

D) The information conveyed by TV is much more understandable and easy to memorize than that conveyed by the printed versions.

4. What can be concluded from the last paragraph? A) Films and videos do not help improve teaching.

B) Children should be allowed to watch TV at home to learn to obtain information

C) Teachers should be cautious when using films and videos to aid teaching..

D) Viewing teaching with the aid of films and videos as a sign of laziness is not without reason. 5. What might be the best title for the passage?

A) Teaching with TV Should be Encouraged. B) Television Conveys More Information Than Books.

C) An Experiment Conducted by Psychologist Juliette Molen. D) Comparison Between TV and Books for Teaching.

Passage 7

Normally a student must attend a certain number of courses in order to graduate, and each course which he attends gives him a credit which he may count towards a degree.

In many American universities the total work for a degree consists of thirty-six courses each lasting for one semester. A typical course consists of three classes per week for fifteen weeks. While attending a university a student will probably attend four or five courses during each semester. Normally a student would expect to take four years attending two semesters each year. It is possible to spread the period of work for the degree over a longer period. It is also possible for a student to move between one university and another during his degree course, though this is not in fact done as a regular practice.

For every course that he follows a student is given a grade, which is recorded, and the record is available for the student to show to prospective employers. All this imposes a constant pressure and strain of work, but in spite of this some students still find time for great activity in student affairs. Elections to positions in student organizations arouse much enthusiasm. The effective work of maintaining discipline is usually performed by students who advise the academic authorities. Any student who is thought to have broken the rules, for example, by cheating has to appear before a student court. With the enormous numbers of students, the operation of the system does involve a certain amount of activity. A student who has held one of these positions of authority is much respected and it will be of benefit to him later in his career. 1. Normally a student would at least attend classes each week. A) 10 B) 12 C) 15 D) 20

2. According to the first paragraph an American student is allowed . A) to live in a different university

B) to take a particular course in a different university C) to live at home and drive to classes

D) to get two degrees from two different universities

3. The pressure of future career is felt by American university students mostly because of the record of their . A) academic performance B) social activities C) personal conduct D) leadership abilities

4. Some students are enthusiastic for positions in student organizations probably because . A) they hate the constant pressure and strain of their study B) they will then be able to stay longer in the university C) such positions help them get a better job D) such positions are usually well paid

5. The student organizations seem to be effective in .

A) dealing with the academic affairs of the university

B) ensuring that the students observe university regulations C) evaluating students‘ conduct by bringing them before a court D) keeping up the students‘ enthusiasm for social activities

Passage 8

Overhead bridges are found in many parts of Singapore (新加坡), especially in places where traffic is very heavy and crossing the road is dangerous.

The purpose of these bridges is to enable pedestrians (行人) to cross roads safely. Overhead bridges are used in very much the same way as zebra crossings. They are more efficient although less convenient because people have to climb up a long flight of steps. This is inconvenient especially to older people. When pedestrians use an overhead bridge, they do not hold up traffic. However, when they cross a busy road using a zebra crossing, traffic is held up. This is why the government has built many overhead bridges to help pedestrians and to keep traffic moving at the same time.

The government of Singapore has spent large sums of money building these bridges. For their own safety pedestrians should be encouraged to use them instead of risking their lives by dashing across the road. Old people, however, may find it a little difficult climbing up and down the steps, but it is still much safer than walking across the road with all the danger of moving traffic.

Overhead bridges serve a very useful purpose. Pedestrians, both old and young, should make it a habit to use them. This will prevent unnecessary accidents and loss of life.

1. What is the advantage of overhead bridges mentioned in this passage? A. Taller vehicle can pass under them.

B. Pedestrians can climb up and have a view of the city. C. They don‘t hold up traffic and are safer for pedestrians. D. They are easier and more convenient for the pedestrians.

2. Why were overhead bridges built in Singapore by its government? A. Because they do not hold up traffic.

B. Because they provide an easy way for the drivers to cross the road. C. Because they save money for the government. D. Because they save time for the pedestrians.

3. Which of the following is true according to this passage?

A. Overhead bridges are found in places where traffic is heavy. B. Overhead bridges are found in every part of Singapore.

C. Overhead bridges are found in many parts of the big cities in the world. D. Overhead bridges are only found in the capital Singapore.

4. The expression ―zebra crossings‖ in paragraph 2 means ____________. A. a safe place where pedestrians use to walk across a road

B. a big animal covered with alternating black and white stripes in Africa C. a safe place where zebras walk around

D. a safe place across a road for children to play a game 5. What is the writer‘s attitude towards overhead bridges?

A. It is inconvenient to older people to walk across the road.

B. It is much safer though a little difficult climbing up and down the steps for pedestrians. C. Overhead bridges are more beautiful than zebra crossings D. To build overhead bridges is the order of the government.

Passage 9

In what now seems like the prehistoric times of computer history, the earth‘s postwar era, there was quite a wide-spread concern that computers would take over the world from man one day. Already today, less than forty years later, as computers are relieving us of more and more of the routine tasks in business and in our personal lives, we are faced with a less dramatic but also less foreseen problem. People tend to be over-trusting of computers and are reluctant to challenge their authority. Indeed, they behave as if they were hardly aware that wrong buttons may be pushed, or that a computer may simply malfunction (失误).

Obviously, there would be no point in investing in a computer if you had to check all its answers, but people should also rely on their own internal computers and check the machine when they have the feeling that something has gone wrong.

Questioning and routine double-checks must continue to be as much a part of good business as they were in pre-computer days. Maybe each computer should come with the warning: for all the help this computer may provide, it should not be seen as a substitute for fundamental thinking and reasoning skills.

1. What is the main purpose of this passage? A) To look back to the early days of computers.

B) To explain what technical problems may occur with computers. C) To discourage unnecessary investment in computers.

D) To warn against a mentally lazy attitude towards computers.

2. According to the passage, the initial concern about computers was that they might ________. A) change our personal lives B) take control of the world C) create unforeseen problems D) affect our businesses

3. The passage recommends those dealing with computers to ________. A) be reasonably doubtful about them B) check all their answers C) substitute them for basic thinking D) use them for business purposes only

4. The passage suggests that the present-day problem with regard to computers is ________. A) challenging B) psychological C) dramatic D) fundamental

5. It can be inferred from the passage that the author would disapprove of ____. A) investment in computers B) the use of one‘s internal computer C) double-check on computers

D) complete dependence on computers for decision-making

Passage 10

The aim of the teacher is to get his pupils as quickly as possible over the period in which each printed symbol is looked at for its shape, and arrive at the stage when the pupil looks at words and phrases, for their meaning, almost without noticing the shapes of the separate letters.

When a good reader is at work he does not look at letters, nor even at words, one by one however quickly; he takes in the meaning of two, three, or four words at a time, in a single moment. Watch carefully the eyes of a person who is reading, and it will be seen that they do not travel smoothly along the lines of print, but they move by jumps separated by very short stops. The eyes of a very good reader move quickly, taking long jumps and making very short halts (停顿); the eyes of a poor reader move more slowly, taking only short jumps and stopping longer at each halt. Sometimes, when he meets a difficulty, he even goes backwards to see again what has already been looked at once.

The teacher‘s task is therefore clear: it is to train his pupils to take in several words at a glance (one eye-jump‘) and to remove the necessity for going backwards to read something a second time.

This shows at once that letter-by-letter, or syllable-by-syllable, or word-by-word reading, with the finger pointing to the word, carefully fixing each one in turn, is wrong. It is wrong because such a method ties the pupil‘s eyes down to a very short jump, and the aim is to train for the long jump. Moreover, a very short jump is too short to provide any meaning or sense; and it will be found that having struggled with three or four words separately, the pupil has to look at them again, all together and in one group, in order to get the meaning of the whole phrase. 1. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the first paragraph?

A) Pupils should be trained to reach quickly the stage of reading without having to concentrate on the separate symbols.

B) Pupils should look at each printed symbol for its meaning as well as for its shape. C) Teachers should help their pupils avoid looking at the shape of the printed symbols. D) Teachers should tell their pupils the different stages of their study. 2. In a single moment, a good reader picks up ________.

A) several words B) several phrases C) several sentences D) several lines 3. According to the passage, which of the following is FALSE? A) The eyes of a good reader make short halts and long jumps.

B) The eyes of a bad reader take in the meaning of one word at a time. C) The eyes of a bad reader take only short jumps. D) The eyes of a good reader move steadily.

4. One may have to read something a second time if ________. A) there is enough time B) one reads too fast

C) the passage is very long D) one reads word by word

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