英语1课后习题答案

1

Vocabulary

A Fill in the blanks in the following sentences with the words listed in the box. Change the forms of these words if necessary.

1. Adolescence is the period of transition between childhood and adulthood. 2. Now that the situation becomes critical, one must keep calm. 3. The natural environment for the survival of children has improved. 4. Beautiful colored illustrations enhanced the book. 5. He tried to tempt me to cheat in the examination. 6. Scientists explore what is and engineers create what has never been. 7. While the inclination to procrastinate is common, one must fully consider the detrimental impact of unnecessary delays.

8. The news that he was in trouble determined me to act at once. 9. She?s too hasty; she should learn to think twice before speaking.

10. Approval of the plan presupposes that the money will be made available. 11. Intensive efforts are being made to resolve the dispute. 12. Her work has been crucial to the project?s success.

B Fill in the blanks in the following passage with the words in the box. Make changes wherever necessary.

transition relax adapt resolve academic available tackle assignment procrastinate social

According to statistical data from the National College Health Association, stress is the number one impediment to academic performance among college students. College life can be stressful, to be sure, but there are a number of resources available to help freshmen get rid of stress. There are things you can do to make the transition easier. Beginning college usually involves adapting to a whole new lifestyle, which can be very stressful if you're not adept at tackling this change. Developing fulfilling relationships is a great way to acclimate yourself to the college environment and reduce some of this stress. To reduce your stress level, it may help to make yourself a daily or weekly schedule so you can focus on assignments as they become due. Procrastination can lead to stress if you let your academic work build up to much, so try to resolve the issues as you've scheduled them to avoid getting behind.

College involves a great deal of work, but it's important to be able to relax, too. Some students relieve stress through exercising, socializing, attending films or plays, or playing games. Not everyone relaxes in the same way, so find what works for you.

TRANSLATION 有些大学有两种主要的教学方式：研讨会和演讲。这种与高中的教学方式大相径庭的方法会对大一新生产生重大影响。研讨会是在友好轻松的气氛中围绕课文或是预定的话题进行讨论。这种方式有利于学生提出创新观点、全面考虑问题以及如何处理难题。通过团队合作，同学之间增进了友谊，扩大了朋友圈。演讲的价值在于将书本上没有的信息呈现给众多听众，在于将直观的材料呈现给听众。

There are two main forms of teaching in Nottingham University: seminar and lecture. They are

very different from the sort of teaching most often used in high schools and have a major impact on freshmen.

In seminars you will have a discussion focusing on a text or topic set in advance in a friendly and informal atmosphere. The purpose is to provide an opportunity to try out new ideas and to think through problems with fellow-learners，and learn how to cope with difficulties. Students develop friendship through groups and expand their network of friends.The value of the lecture is that it can present to a large number of people information which is not readily available in books, and that it can show visual material to a wide audience.

You will feel strange since there are fewer teaching hours in the school timetable. Each week in the first year you may attend about six lectures and four to six seminars or tutorials. For the rest of the time you are working on your own, doing the necessary reading in preparation for tutorials or writing seminar papers. When writing an essay or carrying out a project work, you can often discuss with your companions about the title and topic.

2

referee score select judgment barometer attach complete competent formula calculate basement instructor

1.In myjudgment, the student's solution to the problem is workable. 2. We can't make a judgment over this issue, so we have to invite areferee to make a decision.

3. You can e-mail this article as a (n)attachment to your instructor.

4. Scientist is trying tocalculate when the spaceship would reach the Mars. 5. The student’s answer to the question iscomplete but not correct.

6. Getting good scorein computer game does not mean you can pass the exam with good credit.

7. Take thisbarometer, measure the pressure of the air and judge if the weather will change today.

8. To be able to use English, we have to develop fluent communicativecompetence instead of accurate grammatical knowledge.

9. The superintendent of this building has his office in thebasement 10. To pass the coming physics examination, you have to learn by heart all these formulae. 11. Our languageinstructor is a nice lady who has been working in this college for 20 years.

12. The readingselections in this unit are mostly taken from The New York Times.

B.colleague

proportion discontent admit

determine pedantic superintendent credit disguise stair

I went down to the basement and there I saw Mr. Richardson, the superintendent of the building. He is tall but his head is too big, just out ofproportion to his narrow shoulders. Mr. Richardson told me he was rather discontent with the students who kept on coming to him for the height of the building. He admitted that he had collected a number of barometers from students as gift. The students told Mr. Richardson that they were determined not

to follow theirpedantic instructors who knew nothing but the “only one correct answer” to examination questions. They said they gave Mr. Richardson gifts for the height of building not for credit but for fun. At this moment, we heard someone coming down from the stairs. It was a man, coming silently towards us. When the man came nearer, I found he was no one but my colleague in disguise of a senior student.

I hope he didn?t come to get the height of the building!

TRANSLATION

王教授认为，大学里现在的考试制度和评分标准不利于培养学生的创造性思维能力。他认为，教师在教学中应鼓励学生充分发表自己的见解，在考试中充分发挥想像，合理应用专业（professional）知识来解决问题，而不是趋同（go for）一个惟一“正确”的标准答案。他的大多数同事不同意他的看法。他们认为，学生在大学里应学到高水平的知识和技能；一个称职的教师应诲人不倦（not fed up with），教会学生科学的思维方法；学生在学习中应严谨求实，深入到问题深层的逻辑关系中，追求绝对（absolute）的真理。

Professor Wang argues that the present evaluation and grading system at college is set up against the growth of students' creative thinking ability. He believes that instructors must encourage their students to fully voice their own views in class and use their imagination extensively in tests. Students should be taught to answer questions with the aid of their professional knowledge instead of going for the only \answer. To this view most of Professor Wang's colleagues disagree. They believe that a college is where higher learning is promoted. A competent teacher should never be fed up with giving instructions. He has to show his students some scientific ways of thinking. On the other hand, students need to be objective and precise in their learning, going deep into the inner logic of the subject for absolute truth.

3

Vocubulary

A. Fill in the blanks in the following sentences with the words listed in the box.Change the forms

of these words if necessary.

Confession soul occasionally assignment click regard position occur adjust inevitable favor master

1. Teacher—student dating is inevitable universities or colleges all over the world. 2. At first ,we had a hard time adjusting to university life. Now everybody has become used to it. 3. I rushed into the classroom, but didn?t see a soul .Then I realized it was Sunday.

4. The moment our TA came into the class, something clicked .I had never believed in love first

sight before.

5. Lisa made a full confession of her romantic relationship with the TA,which surprised her

room-mates.

6. An educational system which only favors students good at earning hign marks is not perfect. 7. My brother is pursuing his master degree in economics at Harvard University.

8. The TA brings me flowers most of time, but occasionally he gives me a box of chocolate. 9. After the outbreak of SARS, people began to have a high regard for the work of a nurse.

10. If I had been in Lisa?s position, I might have developed a romantic relationship with that TA. 11. Mary had a feeling that something might happen between the TA and her. But nothing

occurred.

12. To show her interest in the TA, Susan began putting her telephone number on her assignment.

B. Fill in the blanks in the following passage with the words in the box.Make changes wherever

necessary.

Prospect seize objective curse seduce bias romantic dismiss dude liaison

When Allen left, Mom could hardly wait to ask me when the TA and I began our liaison and how we got involved. I told her everything and confessed that it was I who first showed great interest in the TA, not the other way around. Mom simply didn?t believe what I said. She just consi-dered Allen as a dude, who was good at seducing female students. But I didn?t think Mom was mak-ing a objective judgment .It was clear that she had a strong bias against Allen .She demanded that we stop our romantic relationship.

The next day, when I came back to the university, I tried to stay away from Allen and he seemed to understand what had happened. But he seized an opportunity and asked me out. I made up an excuse and refused him politely. Then I ran to the dorm , threw myself on the bed and tried to forget everything. But I found myself just unable to dismiss the TA from my mind .The second day came the terrible news of Allen?s death .He was said to have committed suicide. The prospect of be-ing cursed by my classmates terrified me and I never went back to school.

TRANSLATION

大学毕业一年后，我在中国农业大学谋得一份助教工作。由于我毫无教学经验，不知道如何在学生面前树立教师的权威性，想到满屋子学生向我投来好奇的目光，心里直打鼓。然而，第一堂课上得非常成功。同学们积极参与课堂讨论，表现得极为配合，各个充满热情。一次，我发现一个女生把手机号码留在了作业本上。显然，她对我有意，在向我主动传递信息。可我无意与学生发展恋情。因为如果那样，学生们就会失去对我的尊重。他们会认为我是一个纨绔子弟，在利用自己的职位勾引女生。此外，学生们也会对我评分的客观公正性产生怀疑。

A year out of college, I found a job as a teacher assistant at China Agriculture University. As I had no teaching experience. I did not know how to establish my authority in front of students. And the prospect of a classroom filled up with curious students. The students participated actively in class discussion. And they appeared very cooperative and enthusiastic. Once I found that a girl had left a cell phone number on her assignment. It was clear that she was displaying an interest in me and was conveying that special message. But I did not want to develop a romantic relationship with a student, for if I did my students would no longer show any respect for me, they would think I had used my position to seduce the girl and what?s more, my students would doubt whether I could make any objective evaluation of them.

4

A. Fill in the blanks in the following sentences with the words listed in the box. Change the forms of these words if necessary.

insert paste margin fragment superficial random gateway resource

demonstrate jumble

1. The demonstration made by the technician on the new software was really impressive . 2. You've written so many sentence fragments , which make your meaning unclear. 3. He inserted the key in the lock but found it wasn't the right one.

4. His understanding of scientific laws is very superficial ; that is why his thesis appears so

illogical and is full of mistakes.

5. There was a messy jumble of clothes and books on Peter's bed.

6. His book is full of notes in the margin and we all know that he is a hard-working student. 7. Higher education can be the gateway to a successful career.

8. Students are encouraged to use library resources for their schoolwork. 9. His essay is but a collection of random thoughts; he really lacks sense of organization. 10. Don't paste this note on the computer screen. You just make it dirty.

B. Fill in the blanks in the following passage with the words in the box. Make changes wherever necessary.

feature query sustain plagiarism bibliography due reference

assign constantly semester

I selected a course, Practical and Creative Writing, this semester taught by an old

and stern professor Mr. Collins from Department of Literature. It was said that usually he wouldn't assign a lot of readings to his students. You know this was important for a poor student like me who had financial difficulties to sustain my education. Besides, too many books would take up much room of my dormitory. Although there wasn't much reading, the writing load was pretty heavy and constantly I had to struggle to write the assigned essays before they were due . One of the writing topics was \Features of Oscar Wilde.\

For weeks I could hardly find any references and the only book relating to it I had

found in the library was written by an unknown critic whose language seemed hard to understand. I was almost desperate when the deadline was approaching. The other night I suddenly had an idea: why not get on-line and find something useful? I turned on the computer and tossed a query on the topic. Suddenly an article of the same title jumped in front of my eyes and I realized that was just what I wanted. Without much hesitation, I copied the article and submitted(提交) it to Mr. Collins the next day after making a few minor alterations(改动). A week later, Mr. Collins sent word asking me to his office.

Looking into my eyes, he said, \

yes.\I hesitated. \you checked your bibliography before you handed in? Do you know who wrote the book A Linguistic Study of Two Complementary Writers?\look!\It was written by one of my Ph.D. student if my memory is correct. You should fail this course according to rules because this is absolute plagiarism . But what you did made me reflect on

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